A Value Focused Thinking Approach to Decommissioning Decision Making

Values are what stakeholders regard to be important to decisions (Kruglanski & Higgins 2007). How stakeholder prioritize, rank, balance, and trade-off values can have significant influence on their reasoning and evaluation of decommissioning outcomes and decisions. Stakeholder values can vary depending on various factors including religious beliefs, personal interests, and past experiences (Lechner et al., 2017). Value-focused thinking is a decision science theory developed by Keeney (1992) which builds upon the concept of varying stakeholder values. Keeney (1992) argues that the best decision is one that best reflects the actual values of stakeholders. which suggests that the acceptability of decommissioning decisions (full removal, partial removal, leave in-situ, rigs-to-reefs, etc.) by stakeholders will vary depending on the values of stakeholder in that particular context. This paper explores the idea of value-focused thinking and derive implications for decommissioning decision-making. Overall, the research finding suggests that rather than basing a decommissioning decision solely on scientific evidence, there is also a need for the decommissioning decisions to be able to reflect the actual values of stakeholders in that particular context. The criteria and weightage of the adopted multi-criteria decision analysis tool, for example, should accurately represent the actual values of stakeholders, so as to enable the tool to produce outcomes and decisions that has a higher probability of stakeholder acceptance.

Power Stakeholder dalam Bisnis

The purpose of the literature review is to explain that stakeholder theories have the right role in the production of business and stakeholder values, the enhancement of stakeholder voices and the advocacy of stakeholders. The focus is on normative theory, the dimensions of stakeholder theory and business performance. Discussion of stakeholder theory is done descriptively in relation to power, legitimacy and their urgency related to stakeholder type in influencing company performance especially in maximizing value and financial performance of the company. The stakeholder concept has gained legitimacy among academics in various fields. stakeholder theory will provide benefits in relationships if understanding and integration of stakeholder concepts in management perceptions that their existence has a positive power in the build of corporate advantage

Applying an educative approach to engage stakeholder values in evaluations of STEM research and education programmes

Stakeholder values regarding a programme’s worth and their own principles or standards can aid or impede an evaluation. The evaluator’s challenge and responsibility is to successfully engage multiple stakeholder value orientations in the evaluation process. Stakeholder engagement is essential within evaluations of programmes aimed at broadening participation of underrepresented individuals and institutions in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). This article describes an educative approach to engage stakeholder values within evaluations of STEM research and education programmes funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF). Reflections and implications for evaluation theory and practice applicable to any STEM evaluation context, and more broadly to the field of evaluation, are discussed.

Investors' Responses to Social Conflict between CSR and Corporate Tax Avoidance

ABSTRACT There is often conflict between disclosures and actions in corporate operations. One area of interest relates to the joint influence of tax avoidance and Corporate Social Responsibility on economic outcomes. We evaluate investor perceptions when these corporate behaviors are in conflict, and our results indicate that tax avoidance negatively influences investment decisions. We find that although CSR in isolation has no direct effect, the negative influence of tax avoidance is tempered when it is present. We provide evidence that not only do a firm's policies related to CSR and tax avoidance result in diverse investment intentions, but also that it is the individual's unique beliefs on ethics and CSR that appear to be driving these differences. Our results suggest that espousing stakeholder values serves as a shield to protect the company from the negative consequences associated with tax avoidance, and that individual attitudes can shape perceptions relative to these behaviors.