Liability Principles of PT. Perusahaan Listrik Negara (Persero) To the Loss of Consumers Electric Services

Electricity is essential for our daily needs and community and businesses because it can run their products. Recently the community and we depend on electricity, so the usage of electricity is getting an increase. All our hardware and software tools use electricity because electricity changes our style in daily life. So, the management of electricity which the State gives to PT. Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN) is a "State-Owned Enterprise" as we were known (BUMN). The electricity distributed to the consumers are still frequently blackout, therefore people and community fell loss with the outage, and make lawsuits to PT. PLN (Persero). This study uses a normative juridical approach, which analyzes data Referring to norms in the applicable law and regulations. The benefit of this research to contribute to the development of legal science, specifically the rule regarding consumer protection for electricity users. This research suggested that PT. PLN (Persero) commits to make a quick response when there is a blackout and give good service to the users. The consumers have to get a copy of the Power Purchase Agreement at the beginning of the installation. It is essential for the consumers as evidence to do a lawsuit when PT. PLN did not keep the promise of the Agreement.Keywords: Electricity, Blackout, Lawsuits.

ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KINERJA FINANSIAL PT ASTRA INTERNATIONAL TBK PASCA AKUISISI TERHADAP PT GENERAL ELECTRIC SERVICES

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbandingan kinerja finansial PT Astra International Tbk sebelum dan sesudah akuisisi terhadap PT General Electric Services. Dalam hal ini, kinerja keuangan tersebut direpresentasikan oleh Current Ratio (CR), Total Assets Turnover (TATO), Return on Investment (ROI), Earning per Share (EPS), dan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER). Dengan mempergunakan Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa perusahaan mengalami peningkatan kinerja finansial dalam bentuk penurunan DER yang signifikan pasca akuisisi. Akan tetapi, ROI, EPS, TATO, dan CR juga terbukti tidak mengalami perubahan yang signifikan pasca akuisisi.

Building Design and Construction Process Influence in Construction Waste Generation

The amount of construction waste (CW) at building sites is highly variable, for instance the CW generation index ranges between 50-300 dm3 per square meters of gross floor area. Today there is still a lack of knowledge about variables (building design, construction process, construction technologies, etc.) affecting the CW generation. The objective of this paper is to analyse the influence of multi-storey building design and some construction processes on the CW generation indexes. The CW generation was analysed for two groups of buildings with two different construction processes; one with plumbing and electric services installed inside the masonry element and the other with plumbing and electric services installed onto the masonry element and covered with water-resistant drywall system (reducing the construction waste generation). The gross floor area directly affects the amount of executed construction works in a building site. Since the most important works (concrete, masonry and cladding) for CW generation is related to gross floor area, gross floor of buildings is also directly related to CW generation. For buildings with gross area varying from 20,000 to 80,000 m2, there is a reduction of approximately 18% of construction waste only changing the plumbing and electric services installation system, from embedded in the masonry element to installed onto the masonry element and covered with water-resistant drywall system.

Off-Grid Solar for Rural Development

The World Bank estimates that over two billion people on the planet live their daily lives without access to basic, reliable electric services. Rural populations in Africa, Latin America, Asia, and island nations need clean water, health services, communications, and light at night. Small, simple, solar electric systems are part of the solution—increasing the quality of life, often at a cost that is less than what is presently being spent for kerosene, dry-cell batteries, and the recharging of automotive batteries that must be lugged to the nearest town on a weekly basis (see Figure 1).