Outstanding Scientist, Researcher and Organizer of Science: To the 80th Anniversary of Valentin V. Shelokhaev

The article tells about the path to science of one of the outstanding scientists-historians of modern Russia, whose scientific works and research have become widely known and recognized not only in our country, but also far beyond its borders.

VNIIZHT Scientifc Journal celebrates 80th anniversary! Part I. The war years

Development of the railway industry depends on the work of many engineers and scientists who master the advanced technical and technological frontiers. The results of their work require experimental verification by specialists, technicians and engineers in the field. At the same time, in a systematic setting of the case, the conduct of experiments should be preceded by discussion and scientific discussion. A scientific and technical journal is intended to serve as an absentee format for such a discussion.In 2022, our magazine will celebrate its 80th anniversary. It was created by the order of the Political Administration of the People's Commissariat of Railways of the USSR in 1942, in the midst of the Great Patriotic War. The state entrusted our journal with a very important mission — concentration and dissemination of experience in the restoration of damaged communication lines and development of new technologies for military freight and passenger railway transportation. This extreme practical orientation and an urgent need for empirical knowledge was reflected in the choice of the original name of the journal — “Railways engineering”.Since the creation of the journal, the editorial staff have striven to fulfll the mission entrusted to it and to maintain a high level of domestic railway science. Several stages can be distinguished in the eighty-year history of the VNIIZHT scientifc journal.This article presents an analysis of the frst stage — the stage of the war years.

infrastructure

The darkness that came from the Mediterranean Sea covered the city hated by the procurator... М. Bulgakov. The Master and MargaritaThe seventh airfield subzone covered our beloved city. Construction was stopped, and engineering was frozen. Now we have as much free time as we need. And while Irkutsk is struggling with the mistakes of previous administrations, let's see how new air terminals are opened one by one in the regional capitals of the country: Kemerovo, Saratov, Perm... The first one we saw was LEONOV in Kemerovo. And we saw it not online, but live, when we arrived at the Festival “Zodchestvo in Siberia”.The object of the issue is not a frequent section in PB. This issue contains several significant infrastructure facilities by Moscow authors. Airport terminals in three Russian regional capitals (41) and the Nizhegorodskaya transport hub in Moscow (63).The main Siberian festival of this autumn is a regular festival “Zodchestvo in Siberia” held in the first decade of September in Kemerovo (15-36). It is noteworthy that the main focus of the work of the key speakers of this festival, Nikolay Shumakov and Timur Bashkaev, is on transport infrastructure facilities. So the stars are aligned for us to talk about it, about INFRASTRUCTURE.The infrastructural crisis has hit fully half of the inhabited world. The gigantic transport, energy and information systems created in the middle of the last century have exhausted their resources. Mikhail Mishustin's government is adopting an ambitious plan to invest tens of trillions of rubles into the country's infrastructures. Joe Biden's government is discussing a similar plan that costs trillions of dollars. Meanwhile, it turns out that both the philosophy and methodology of infrastructure design have fundamentally changed and now require a deep rethinking. Along with the burning issues, however, we do not forget about anniversaries. The new issue of PB opens with a diptych devoted to the 80th anniversary of our regular author Alexander Rappaport.

Leading Russian legal theorist is 80 years old. For the anniversary of V.M. Syrykh

Dedicated to the 80th anniversary of the famous legal scholar Vladimir Mikhailovich Syrykh, the author of over 40 monographs, textbooks, teaching aids, many hundreds of scientific articles and other materials. The scientists contribution to legal science is analyzed. We focus on the methodology of the theory of law, method structure, content of the materialist theory of law, etc. The exceptional contribution of the scientist to preparation and publication of the Encyclopedic Dictionary Legal Science and Legal Ideology of Russia is distinguished. The ideas and assessments of the author's recent historical and legal monographs on the Soviet regime, the Red Terror, and Stalinist repressions are illustrated.

Historical Context in the Latest Lithuanian Music: Contemporary Tensions

The historical context opens its unresolved issues inside contemporary cultural consciousness. It gives the language of music a specific dimension of dramatic tensions. Here, composers’ propositions acquire a coded imagery close to the aesthetics of modernist catastrophe. The musical text becomes highly contextual and filled with the knowledge arisen from history. It is like an encrypted message about the current transformation of history. The texture of the work becomes an expression of the signs incorporating also non-musical sounds or visual space. Semantics play a crucial role in soundscapes. In this sense, we can talk about the war and post-war semantics, which is making its comeback into Lithuanian music. Here, the aesthetic poles of tension or the dramaturgy of conflict arise and are realised through the spectra of hum or expression of identities. In this context, two recent works by Lithuanian composers should be mentioned: they accurately respond to the tensions and wounds of the Second World War that continue to bleed inside the identity consciousness of the Lithuanian nation. These wounds are the Holocaust and the post-war partisan struggle against the Soviet occupation. The topic of ‘war after war’ acquires its musical task in Vytautas Germanavičius’s (b.1969) work Red Trees (2018) for flute, cello, and organ dedicated to the partisan commander Adolfas Ramanauskas-Vanagas. It is important to stress that Vanagas has been recognised as a de facto leader of the state and, thanks to sustained efforts of historians and archaeologists, his remains, which were discovered in the Vilnius Orphans’ Cemetery, were reburied in the Pantheon of State Leaders. All this forms an exceptional historical dimension, which finds an original reflection in Germanavičius’s work. Meanwhile, the Holocaust theme connects vividly with the 80th anniversary (late in 2020), of the deed of Chiune Sugihara, the Japanese diplomat who saved over 6,000 Jews in 1940. Algirdas Martinaitis (b.1950) work Visa for Life (2020) for two flutes, oboe, and organ is dedicated to Chiune Sugihara. Here, the composer combines, in a unique way, the worlds of the Japanese, the European tradition and Jewish music. His musical expression is based on the dramaturgy of transformation (the constant running of the toccata). In this way, each composer voices the context of the past: its tension transforms the language of music. It should be noted that both works bring back the catastrophe of the Second World War and the post-war period, which is a painful drama of the history of the Baltic States and not yet sufficiently understood in the world. As a result, the former meditative face of Baltic music identity changes accordingly.

Nieopiewani bohaterowie tragicznego pokolenia

This is an expanded version of text presented during II International Conference of Association of Polish Physicians in Chicago on 9.30.2019 as a celebration of the 80th anniversary of the beginning of WWII and the 75th anniversary of the Warsaw Uprising [1]. The author, a son of Polish physicians, professor emeritus of Columbia College Chicago, shows – using his parents’ biographies as examples – the fight for humanity itself and for the humanistic values of the medical profession under both Nazi and communist totalitarian rule. He described the way of life of his father – a Polish commissioned military officer, a psychiatrist, prisoner of Soviet labor camps, participant of the Battle of Monte Cassino, organizer of programs of psychiatric care for Polish soldiers and veterans in Italy, England, and the United States. Likewise, he described the life of his mother, a pediatrician working for The Baudouin House in Warsaw, who was rescuing Jewish children from the Holocaust risking her own life. Forced to leave Warsaw, she and her 6‑year‑old daughter illegally crossed the borders of several countries to unite in Verona, Italy with her husband. Sharing a soldier’s life with him, she placed care for their expanding family above her own job as a physician. The publication contains copies of documents e.g. discovered by the author in Russia at the time of making his documentary film “Children in Exile” about the fate of Polish children sent to Soviet labor camps

Academician Alexander Baranov — 80th anniversary

15 июля 2021 г. выдающемуся ученому, признанному лидеру отечественной педиатрии академику РАН Александру Александровичу Баранову исполнилось 80 лет.

The use of radioactive substances in medicine — history and development prospects

Nuclear medicine (NM) is a medical specialty that uses radionuclides (radioactive tracers) and ionising radiation for diagnostic and therapeutic (theranostic) purposes. Nuclear medicine arose and developed at the intersection of physics, chemistry and clinical medicine. The radiation emitted by radioisotopes can consist of gamma-, beta- and alpha emission, or it’s combination. Radioisotope of choice for medical purposes should have futher requirements: low radiotoxicity, suitable type of radiation, energy and half-life (several minutes to several hours and days), and also convenient detection of gamma ray radiation. The radionuclide is part of radiopharmaceutical (RP) and acts as its indicator. RP accumulates in morphological structures, becomes a carrier of coordinated information from patient to gamma camera or other equipment and reflects the dynamics of processes occurring in the examined organ. In 2021 NM celebrates its 80th anniversary. The trajectory of NM combines modern methods of radiotheranostics and applied genomic and post-genomic technologies.