AKTUALISASI FUNGSI KEIMIGRASIAN DALAM ASPEK KEAMANAN SEBAGAI UPAYA INTEGRAL PENANGANAN PANDEMI COVID-19 DI INDONESIA

This study aims to analyze the function of immigration in the security aspect, namely as a guard at the entrance to the territory of Indonesia during a pandemic. This function is of course very urgent considering that currently the spread of the Covid 19 virus is getting out of control, one of which is because there are still many foreigners entering Indonesian territory. The research method used is juridical normative, namely analyzing library materials or tracing documents related to the problem under study. The approach used is a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results showed that the actualization of the role of the immigration function during a pandemic can be seen from the aspect of immigration regulation and practices carried out by immigration checkpoints (ICP) throughout Indonesia. Meanwhile, the ICP has carried out its function as guardian of state security with the arrival of foreigners and closed several ICPs to limit immigration traffic. There is a significant difference in law enforcement during normal times and during the pandemic, namely the concessions given to foreign nationals in the form of changing overstay fees and deportation cannot be carried out. Deportation cannot be done because in general the person's home country also applies, so temporarily when foreigners who cannot return to their home countries stay in detention centers.

Bound to hospitality

Church asylum, a practice aimed at assisting migrants with precarious residence statuses, has been enacted in Finland particularly since the 2010s. As a result of migrants’ insecure residency, their capacities of action are often restricted. They have been deprived of access to health and social services and schooling, and their movements limited due to fear of the police and deportation. This article analyses the autonomy and capacities of action of those in church asylum and the congregations assisting them, following Albert Bandura’s classification of individual, proxy and collective agency. The data consists of interviews (N=25) with employees of congregations and people who have been in church asylum. According to the results, the agency of people in church asylum was often drastically limited, which led to a need for proxy and collective agencies. Immigration regulation created a structure controlling the autonomy and capacities of both migrants and congregations. All modes of agency were inventively applied.

Recognizing the Civic Value of Parenting a New Generation

This chapter contends that polities have a long-term public policy interest in applying the same best interests of the child standard that they use for domestic child welfare determinations to immigration cases that involve deportable noncitizen parents, balanced against the interests of citizens in effective immigration regulation and enforcement. The burden lies with parents who have entered and continued to reside without authorization in a country to show that their right to remain is of benefit to existing citizens. This means that unauthorized immigrant parents should initially be given conditional permission to stay in their children’s country of long-term residence to raise them. Deportable parents should be legalized to fulfill a duty of care to their long-term resident or citizen children in the communities where they reside and be offered the opportunity to acquire citizenship based on their service to their broader communities.

Fortellinger om 1814: Forestillingen om det eksepsjonelle norske demokrati

The focus of this article is an educational encounter during a social science project at a junior high school in Norway. The topic of the school project was the Norwegian Constitution of 1814. In this Constitution, many of the ideas of the French and American revolutions had been adopted, e.g. popular sovereignty and the separation of power. Nevertheless, the Constitution also reflected intolerant ideas, especially with regards to the so-called Jews-paragraph, whereby Protestantism was proclaimed, and Jews were excluded from the Norwegian state. In the educational encounter analyzed in this article, I argue that the notion of an exceptional Norwegian democracy affects the narrative constructed about the Norwegian Constitution. This notion serves to exclude the Jews-paragraph from the narrative. The postcolonial concept of Nordic exceptionalism constitutes an important theoretical framework for the analyses of the educational encounter. In the contemporary Norwegian society, immigration regulation by laws again has relevance. This article, therefore, discusses the critical classroom conversations thematizing the Jews-paragraph could have led to, by pointing at different historical and present-day topics of relevance. The discussion implicates the importance of recognizing the role and impact state-led control, violations and exclusion of minorities have in Norwegian history. Not recognizing these aspects of history can lead to the production and reproduction of idealized and exceptional national narratives.

Comparing Immigration Policies: An Overview from the IMPALA Database

This paper introduces a method and preliminary findings from a database that systematically measures the character and stringency of immigration policies. Based on the selection of that data for nine countries between 1999 and 2008, we challenge the idea that any one country is systematically the most or least restrictive toward admissions. The data also reveal trends toward more complex and, often, more restrictive regulation since the 1990s, as well as differential treatment of groups, such as lower requirements for highly skilled than low-skilled labor migrants. These patterns illustrate the IMPALA data and methods but are also of intrinsic importance to understanding immigration regulation.