mechanical integrity
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Author(s):  
Takuya Ishimoto ◽  
Mitsuru Saito ◽  
Ryosuke Ozasa ◽  
Yoshihiro Matsumoto ◽  
Takayoshi Nakano

AbstractBone material quality is important for evaluating the mechanical integrity of diseased and/or medically treated bones. However, compared to the knowledge accumulated regarding changes in bone mass, our understanding of the quality of bone material is lacking. In this study, we clarified the changes in bone material quality mainly characterized by the preferential orientation of the apatite c-axis associated with estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis, and their prevention using ibandronate (IBN), a nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate. IBN effectively prevented bone loss and degradation of whole bone strength in a dose-dependent manner. The estrogen-deficient condition abnormally increased the degree of apatite orientation along the craniocaudal axis in which principal stress is applied; IBN at higher doses played a role in maintaining the normal orientation of apatite but not at lower doses. The bone size-independent Young's modulus along the craniocaudal axis of the anterior cortical shell of the vertebra showed a significant and positive correlation with apatite orientation; therefore, the craniocaudal Young’s modulus abnormally increased under estrogen-deficient conditions, despite a significant decrease in volumetric bone mineral density. However, the abnormal increase in craniocaudal Young's modulus did not compensate for the degradation of whole bone mechanical properties due to the bone loss. In conclusion, it was clarified that changes in the material quality, which are hidden in bone mass evaluation, occur with estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis and IBN treatment. Here, IBN was shown to be a beneficial drug that suppresses abnormal changes in bone mechanical integrity caused by estrogen deficiency at both the whole bone and material levels.


Metals ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Murtatha M. Jamel ◽  
Mostafa M. Jamel ◽  
Hugo F. Lopez

The increased demand for alloys that can serve as implantation devices with outstanding bio-properties has led to the development of numerous biomedical Mg-based alloys. These alloys have been extensively investigated for their performance in living tissue with mixed results. Hence, there are still major concerns regarding the use of magnesium alloys for such applications. Among the issues raised are elevated corrosion rates, hydrogen generation, and the maintenance of mechanical integrity for designated healing times. In addition, toxicity can arise from the addition of alloying elements that are intended to improve the mechanical integrity and corrosion resistance of Mg alloys. The current work reviews the recent advances in the development of Mg alloys for applications as bio-absorbable materials in living organic environments. In particular, it attempts to develop a roadmap of effective factors that can be utilized when designing Mg alloys. Among the factors reviewed are the effects of alloying additions and processing methods on the exhibited mechanical properties and corrosion rates in simulated bio-fluids used in biomedical applications.


Author(s):  
Dr. Amyn M. Rajani ◽  
Dr. Urvil A. Shah ◽  
Dr. Meenakshi Punamiya ◽  
Dr. Alisha A. Rajani ◽  
Khushi A. Rajani ◽  
...  

Introduction:Meniscus injury is now widely being diagnosed and managed. Meniscus acts as a shock absorber and transmits forces from femur to tibia. However, if the meniscus is torn, the hoop strength is lost. In hidden meniscus injuries, budding arthroscopy surgeons tend to miss the tear. AMR sign acts as a light-bearer for identifying the breach in the collagen architecture. Methods and Materials: 267 patients were included in the study. Informed written consent was taken from all the patients operated and included in the study. Following a fixed protocol of diagnostic arthroscopy, documentation of AMR sign and its relation with intactness of the medial meniscus was done. If medial meniscus tear was found, after repair, its relation with AMR sign was documented.


Author(s):  
Marwa AbdelGawad ◽  
Chaudhry A. Usman ◽  
Vasanth C. Shunmugasamy ◽  
Ibrahim Karaman ◽  
Bilal Mansoor

ACS Omega ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuangjin Zheng ◽  
Chuhao Wu ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Yi Huang ◽  
Haodong Chen ◽  
...  
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