Analysis of The Phase Velocities of (Pure, Slow And Fast ) Alfvèn Waves In The E Region of The Ionosphere For Low Latitudes

In this paper, (pure, slow, and fast) Alfvèn waves for the accepted conditions in Northern-hemisphere at E-region of ionospheric plasma were calculated with low latitudes by using Eq. (20,25-26) and the real geometry of Earth’s magnetic field, at hours 12.00 LT for the 1990 year which sunspot is maximum. One of the most important results of this study is to show analytically that the “MHD modes= (pure, slow and fast) Alfvèn waves” depend not only on the angle between the wave propagation vector (k) and the magnetic field (B) but also on the declination (D=It is the angle value between the direction of the sun's rays and the equatorial plane) and magnetic dip angle (I=It is the angle between real north and magnetic north). From the results obtained, the behavior of the magnitudes of the squares of the phase velocities of all MHD modes is consistent with the behavior of the distribution of electron density with low geographic latitude, even if the magnetic field vector is both perpendicular and parallel to the propagation vector of the wave. In parallel, the phase velocities of the waves are greater in summer than in winter. It has been determined that the propagation velocities of the fast and slow MHD mode in the magnetic equatorial trough region at (q = I) are very small, the energy is almost non-existent, but if q = 90 + I, the energy increases with latitude and is approximately maximum at the low latitude limit. It can be said that the minimum points are between 0-10 oN latitudes where the wave energies are the smallest, and the maximum points are between 20-30 oN latitudes the wave energies are the biggest.

Archimedean screw in driven chiral magnets

In chiral magnets a magnetic helix forms where the magnetization winds around a propagation vector {q}q. We show theoretically that a magnetic field B_\bot(t) \bot qB⊥(t)⊥q, which is spatially homogeneous but oscillating in time, induces a net rotation of the texture around {q}q. This rotation is reminiscent of the motion of an Archimedean screw and is equivalent to a translation with velocity v_{\text{screw}}vscrew parallel to q. Due to the coupling to a Goldstone mode, this non-linear effect arises for arbitrarily weak B_\bot(t)B⊥(t) with v_{\text{screw}} \propto |{ B_\perp}|^2vscrew∝|B⊥|2 as long as pinning by disorder is absent. The effect is resonantly enhanced when internal modes of the helix are excited and the sign of v_{\text{screw}}vscrew can be controlled either by changing the frequency or the polarization of B_\bot(t)B⊥(t). The Archimedean screw can be used to transport spin and charge and thus the screwing motion is predicted to induce a voltage parallel to q. Using a combination of numerics and Floquet spin wave theory, we show that the helix becomes unstable upon increasing B_\botB⊥, forming a `time quasicrystal’ which oscillates in space and time for moderately strong drive.

Magnetic Order in Quaternary NiMnGe:T (T = Cr, Ti) Compounds

The work reports the results of neutron diffraction measurements of NiMnGe:T systems where T is Cr or Ti. All investigated compounds have the helicoidal magnetic structure with the propagation vector k = (ka,0,0). The values of the ka component decrease with increasing Cr content and increase with increasing Ti content. For all compounds, except the sample with x = 0.18 in Cr-system, the helicoidal order is stable up to the Néel temperature. The obtained data are analysed based on simple model in which the magnetic interactions are described by two exchange integrals J1 > 0 for first and J2 < 0 for second neighbouring moments. This model clears up different dependence of ka component in different systems.

Non-collinear magnetic structure of manganese quadruple perovskite CdMn7O12

We report on the magnetic structure of CdMn7O12 determined by powder neutron diffraction. We were able to measure the magnetic structure of this Cd containing and highly neutron absorbing material by optimizing the sample geometry and by blending the CdMn7O12 with Aluminum powder. Below its Néel temperature T N1 all magnetic reflections can be indexed by a single commensurate propagation vector k = (0, 0, 1). This is different to the case of CaMn7O12 where the propagation vector is incommensurate and where an in-plane helical magnetic structure has been found. We observe a commensurate non-collinear magnetic structure in CdMn7O12 with in-plane aligned magnetic moments resembling the ones in CaMn7O12. However, the commensurate propagation vector prevents the appearance of a helical magnetic structure in CdMn7O12. Finally, we also observe a third structural phase transition below ~60 K that can be attributed to phase separation.

Magnetic Structures of Some Multiferroics

<p>We studied crystal and magnetic structures of some composite and single-phase multiferroics: (<em>x</em>)MFe₂O₄ + (1-<em>x</em>)BaTiO₃, Ni_3-<em>y</em>Co<em>_y</em>V₂O₈, and Bi_0.9Ba_0.1Fe_0.9Ti_0.1O₃. Composite multiferroics (<em>x</em>)MFe₂O₄ + (1-<em>x</em>)BaTiO₃ with <em>x</em> = (0.2; 0.3; 0.4) and M = (Ni, Co) have ferrimagnetic structure, which is described by the propagation vector <strong><em>k</em></strong> = 0. Oxides Ni_3-<em>y</em>Co<em>_y</em>V₂O₈ with <em>y</em> = (0.1; 0.3; 0.5) possess a modulated magnetic structure, described by the vector <strong><em>k</em></strong> = (δ, 0, 0), where δ = 0.283 and 0.348 at 7.4 K for <em>y</em> = 0.1 and 0.5, respectively. In the Bi_0.9Ba_0.1Fe_0.9Ti_0.1O₃ multiferroic a magnetic order is destroyed at 600 K and the Fe-ion magnetic moment decreases from µ = 3.46(5) μ_B at 300 K to zero at 600 K.</p>