Defying Boundaries and Escaping Stereotypes

Riis takes up the complicated conventions and troubled history of late-nineteenth-century blackface minstrelsy as it was blended and interwoven into the activities among a largely unknown contingent of thousands of African American (and mostly midwestern) musicians and entertainers. He explores how nineteenth-century entertainers understood their business, including the moniker “minstrel” itself, and what for them constituted original, creative work. In this essay, the questions of identity have less to do with personal stories than the importance of the group and how its activities have been lost to history. Knowledge of these forgotten show people, and the sources where more information about them might be found, can help us combat the persistence of degrading stereotypes used to provide oversimplified explanations of black musical and theatrical activity.

INSAN KAMIL DALAM PERSPEKTIF MUHAMMAD IQBAL

Every being has individuality or self. Degree elevation on every being in nature depending on the level of development of each individuality. The criteria for determining the quality of every being is how far he can live up to himself effectively. Individuality is the distinguishing mark in the concept of Khudi or Iqbal ego. Iqbal's philosophy about Khudi ends on his thoughts about the insan kamil, the ideal man. Insan kamil is the highest level that can be achieved not by way of meditation, but with an original creative work, which is lawful overwhelmed by love or ishq, firmness self or faqr, courage and tolerance. Achieve this through three phases: obedience to God, self-control and the caliphate of God.

Cочинения старообрядцев-беспоповцев в Речи Посполитой в XVIII в

Статья посвящена творчеству староверов-беспоповцев Речи Посполитой в XVIII в. Сведения о тех или иных сочинениях, созданных польскими федосеевцами, появлялись в научной литературе еще в XIX в., однако они до сих пор не были систематизированы. Основное внимание в работе сосредоточено на творчестве Феодосия Васильева и его сына Евстрата Феодосиева (Феодосиевича), а также на текстах деяний федосеевских соборов, проходивших в Речи Посполитой в первой половине–середине XVIII в.Ключевые слова: староверие, Речь Посполитая, беспоповцы, федосеевские соборы, Феодосий Васильев, Евстрат Феодосиев....Nadezhda MorozovaWritings of priestless Old Believers in Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth of the 18th century The article deals with the evaluation of creative works by priestless Old Believers residing in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 18th century. The study gives a special emphasis to the two main issues, i.e. 1) creative work of Feodosiy Vasilyev and his son Evstrat Feodosiyev (Feodosiyevich) and 2) the texts on activities of the Feodoseevtsy Council meetings that took place in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the first half through the middle of the 18th century.The evaluation of the original creative work of priestless Old Believers of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth specified in the article enables to conclude about the gradual expansion of the territories in which settlements of Old Believers appeared and the residents of which would be involved in active polemic and literary activities. The second third of the 18th century is characterized by the highest intellectual activity that would primarily be attributed to the inhabitants of the Sebezh lands.

Innovation in R&D: Using design thinking to develop new models of inventiveness, productivity and collaboration

By adapting insights and methodologies from design thinking, a modern scientific R&D organization may have the potential to increase the speed, inventiveness and vitality of their output and become an explosive engine of growth. Modern design consultancies face the challenge of producing original, creative work for their clients on project after project, and have thus developed several strategies and behaviors to produce innovative content repeatedly at a fast pace. The innovation strategies of design firms are different than traditional models of academic and scientific scholarship and rely on new models of radical collaboration by teams, knowledge sharing, wide-reaching cross-pollination and the habit of gaining early insights through tangible expressions of ideas in order to foster continual and rapid innovation.