Distributed Hypothesis Testing over Noisy Broadcast Channels

This paper studies binary hypothesis testing with a single sensor that communicates with two decision centers over a memoryless broadcast channel. The main focus lies on the tradeoff between the two type-II error exponents achievable at the two decision centers. In our proposed scheme, we can partially mitigate this tradeoff when the transmitter has a probability larger than 1/2 to distinguish the alternate hypotheses at the decision centers, i.e., the hypotheses under which the decision centers wish to maximize their error exponents. In the cases where these hypotheses cannot be distinguished at the transmitter (because both decision centers have the same alternative hypothesis or because the transmitter’s observations have the same marginal distribution under both hypotheses), our scheme shows an important tradeoff between the two exponents. The results in this paper thus reinforce the previous conclusions drawn for a setup where communication is over a common noiseless link. Compared to such a noiseless scenario, here, however, we observe that even when the transmitter can distinguish the two hypotheses, a small exponent tradeoff can persist, simply because the noise in the channel prevents the transmitter to perfectly describe its guess of the hypothesis to the two decision centers.

The Relationship between Online Learning Motivation and Student Learning Achievement in Prosthetic Orthotic Major at Health Polytechnic Surakarta

Motivation to learn is a person’s desire to take part in the learning process. Students are motivated to do an activity for their personal gain to achieve satisfaction from the lessons or the feeling that their needs are fulfilled. During the COVID-19 pandemic, students were forced to shift to learning online. The motivation to study online is related to the student’s achievement. Learning achievement is used as an indicator of the student’s competence in the teaching materials. High achievement can be reached by persistence in learning, which is formed through the learning motivation that will direct the student’s behaviour towards achieving maximum learning achievement. This study aims to determine the relationship between learning motivation and student achievement in Prosthetic Orthotic Major at the Health Polytechnic Surakarta. It employs a quantitative research method using a correlation research design. The study used the Google Form Online Questionnaire as an instrument for data collection. The sample included 447 students of the Prosthetic Orthotic Major at the Health Polytechnic Surakarta. The results of the normality test showed that the data were not normally distributed. Hypothesis testing was carried out using Spearman’s test and obtained a significant value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a relationship between online learning motivation and student learning achievement. Keywords: online learning motivation, learning achievement, prosthetic orthotics