The Big Five Personality as A Predictor of Involvement in Violence among Students in Secondary Schools in Nyando Sub-County, Kenya

Involvement in violence among students is a common menace not only in Nyando Sub-county, Kenya but also in the whole world. Predicting involvement in violence based on the big five personalities could be useful in developing various personality-based interventions to involvement in violence. This prompted the present study to investigate both qualitative and quantitative Predictiveness of the big five personalities to involvement in violence. The convergent parallel mixed-method research design was used. Multistage random sampling was used to generate a sampling size of 418 students. Apart from the students, 26 teacher counselors and 26 deputy headteachers were also interviewed in order to triangulate the sources of information. Both self-report questionnaires and interview schedules were used to collect data. The results indicated that the big five personalities were significantly predictive of involvement in violence at 23.4% (F (5, 391) = 26.886 p < 0.05 and R2 = 0.23). Hence other factors (apart from the big five personalities) predictive of involvement in violence which was qualitatively explored included: environmental factors, social factors, economic factors, familial factors, political factors, cultural factors, the psychosocial stages of development, exposure levels of a person, temperamental issues, modernism, and post-modernism. These other factors were assumed to predict involvement in violence at 76.6%. Therefore to minimize involvement in violence, more personality-based interventional measures should be applied.

The Coming Out Experience of Individuals Who Identify as Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, or Transgender

This literature review will explore the relationships of individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender and their fears of how their relationships will be affected after coming out of the closet. This chapter will review the stages in Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development that most pertain to the coming out years; stages associated with the fourteen to seventeen year age range. Erikson's Stage 5 (Identity versus Role Confusion) and Stage 6 (Intimacy versus Isolation) are most relevant to the aforementioned developmental time frame. This review will illuminate how each individual's life is unique and how he or she can be part of different societies, cultures, and communities that alter his or her coming out experience. This chapter will explore a variety of factors that differ from person to person such as family support, ethnic background, peer groups, and even work environments.

Psychosocial Challenges for Children with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

This article describes the particular relevance of Erik Erikson's psychosocial stages of development for children with insulin-dependent diabetes. The developmental issues for young children centering on trust, autonomy, initiative, and industry have special significance for children with diabetes. Although the issues faced in each of Erikson's psychosocial stages are present in every stage, behaviors are manifested differently at each stage. Practical suggestions are provided for families and healthcare providers living with or working with children of various ages who have diabetes.