'Not [just] for a name that we plead' : fashioning the ideological origins of early kindergarten in Dunedin and Wellington, New Zealand, 1870 – 1913

<p>This study is about the processes of intellectual transmission of kindergarten pedagogy and its organisational implementation in two geographical sites in colonial New Zealand between 1870 and 1913. It takes as its focus the contribution of women pioneers in shaping kindergarten provision and pedagogy. The central question asked is how, and to what extent, did the genesis of early kindergarten in New Zealand and its role in education and/or social reforms evolve, with particular reference to women's individual and collective work? Much of the research data is drawn for the first time from women's personal manuscripts and organisational records.</p>

'Not [just] for a name that we plead' : fashioning the ideological origins of early kindergarten in Dunedin and Wellington, New Zealand, 1870 – 1913

<p>This study is about the processes of intellectual transmission of kindergarten pedagogy and its organisational implementation in two geographical sites in colonial New Zealand between 1870 and 1913. It takes as its focus the contribution of women pioneers in shaping kindergarten provision and pedagogy. The central question asked is how, and to what extent, did the genesis of early kindergarten in New Zealand and its role in education and/or social reforms evolve, with particular reference to women's individual and collective work? Much of the research data is drawn for the first time from women's personal manuscripts and organisational records.</p>

One hundred years of neurosurgery: contributions of American women

The end of the first 100 years of any endeavor is an appropriate time to look back and peer forward. As neurosurgery celebrates its 1st century as a specialty, the increasing role of women neurosurgeons is a major theme. This article documents the early women pioneers in neurosurgery. The contributions of these trailblazers to the origins, academics, and professional organizations of neurosurgery are highlighted. The formation of Women in Neurosurgery in 1989 is described, as is the important role this organization has played in introducing and promoting talented women in the profession. Contributions of women neurosurgeons to academic medicine and society as a whole are briefly highlighted. Contemporary efforts and initiatives indicate future directions in which women may lead neurosurgery in its 2nd century.

Uncanny Babushka: Migration, aging and the search for a new sexual Self

Geographical mobility may have a powerful influence on sexual change. The sexual dimension of migration has mostly been studied in reference to its role in shaping aspiration for mobility. It has been documented how the promise of an erotically desirable future plays often an important role in many migration subcultures. Mobility, moreover, has been recognized as one of the ways in which many types of sexual minorities have escaped repression or pursued greater autonomy. In this paper, we argue that the same phenomena may be observed in the migration of older people. For some mature persons, particularly women, migration provides an alternative to de-sexualization and stigmatization. In many of these cases, however, the subjective process of sexual change is triggered indirectly, and sometimes serendipitously, by the experience of geographical dislocation. In fact, the experience of re-sexualization may be utterly independent from any pre-emigration aspiration to change one’s sexual Self. The paper – on the basis of two longitudinal research projects on the women pioneers of the Eastern European migration to Italy – explores the role played in their settlement by the discovery that, in the new environment, their age did not disqualify them from romance. The different reactions to these opportunities have created a strong differentiation among migratory trajectories. For the women pioneers who have decided to explore it, this unexpected lovescape has made possible to draw some crucial social boundaries and to trigger the birth of a distinctive sexual field.

OCEANIA IN THE TRAVEL REPORTAGE (TRAVEL WRITING) OF BRITISH WOMEN PIONEERS OF TOURISM IN THE 19TH CENTURY

The phenomenon of British women travelers - the forerunners of modern tourism - deserves attention because of the motives of their travels, the directions of their journeys and the permanent mark they left behind, creating the genre of women's travel reportage - women's travel writing. What prompted British women to travel more often than other women? Barbara Hodgson answers this self-asked question as follows. The inhabitants of the United Kingdom of both sexes were eager wanderers and colonizers. Women travelers have left behind descriptions of their journeys in the form of travel reports, which are a source of geographical knowledge about Oceania, among other places and touristic conditions. They are also a testimony to the mentality of 19th century British women. The author uses the historical method and critical reading of this texts of culture.

‘You Just Had to Get on with It’: Exploring the Persistence of Gender Inequality through Women’s Career Histories

This article examines the career histories of the first generation of UK women to enter professional employment in the 1970s and 1980s in comparatively large numbers. In so doing, it contributes to the sparse literature on older women’s working life histories. Presenting empirical research on women’s experiences in the legal and HR sectors, it reveals how women pioneers were often silenced by requirements to conform with male-dominated norms, values and practices governing masculine career pathways. They learned to speak a predominantly masculine language that in turn constituted a significant barrier to effective resistance and disallowed new ways of speaking about careers. The article argues that these earlier conditions of entry into careers continue to influence the barriers women face at work today. Through this analysis of older women’s working lives, the article also contributes to contemporary debates about intersectionality by illustrating how gender and age interact in ways that reinforce earlier patterns of career disadvantage.