Biomolecular Evaluation of Lavandula stoechas L. for Nootropic Activity

Lavandula Stoechas L. is widely known for its pharmacological properties. This study was performed to identify its biomolecules, which are responsible for enhancement of memory. L. stoechas aqueous extract was first purified by liquid column chromatography. The purified fractions were analyzed for in vitro anti-cholinesterase activity. The fraction that produced the best anti-cholinesterase activity was named an active fraction of L. stoechas (AfL.s). This was then subjected to GC–MS for identifications of biomolecules present in it. GC–MS indicated the presence of phenethylamine and α-tocopherol in AfL.s. Different doses of AfL.s were orally administered (for seven days) to scopolamine-induced hyper-amnesic albino mice and then behavioral studies were performed on mice for two days. After that, animals were sacrificed and their brains were isolated to perform the biochemical assay. Results of behavioral studies indicated that AfL.s improved the inflexion ratio in mice, which indicated improvement in retention behavior. Similarly, AfL.s significantly (p < 0.001) reduced acetylcholinesterase and malondialdehyde contents of mice brain, but on the other hand, it improved the level of choline acetyltransferase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione. It was found that that high doses of AfL.s (≥400 mg/Kg/p.o.) produced hyper-activity, hyperstimulation, ataxia, seizures, and ultimate death in mice. Its LD50 was calculated as 325 mg/Kg/p.o. The study concludes that α-tocopherol and phenethylamine (a primary amine) present in L. stoechas enhance memory in animal models.

Chromatography of Hedysarum extracts on modified Sepharose CL sorbents

Aim. To study the chromatographic efficiency of modified Sepharose CL-4B sorbents for separation, purification, and preparation of major components from Hedysarum theinum Krasnob. and Hedysarum neglectum Ledeb. root extracts.Materials and Methods. Sorption capacity of the native and modified sepharose was evaluated in both isocratic and gradient elution modes. 4-pyridinecarboxylic acid derivative [(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methylene]hydrazide (ftivazide) was used as a sorbent modifier ligand. We studied chromatographic properties of Sepharose CL-4B, Sepharose CL-6B, and azoepoxyadsorbent Sepharose CL-4B-DEP-p-nitrobenzohydrazide-ftivazide, a chemically modified analogue of Sepharose CL-4B.Results. Sepharose CL-4B and Sepharose CL-4B-DEP-p-nitrobenzohydrazide-ftivazide were found efficient carriers for liquid column chromatography of water-ethanol Hedysarum extracts. Complete elution of bioactive substances has been achieved exclusively by using sodium tetraborate as an eluent. We were able to identify flavonoids and tannins of different condensation in chromatographic fractions.Conclusion. Comparative chromatography of bioactive substances from Hedysarum root extracts is more efficient if employing Sepharose CL-4B instead of Sepharose CL-6B as a sorbent. Sepharose CL-4B-DEP-p-nitrobenzohydrazide-ftivazide demonstrates excellent separation capacity for tannins and flavonoids.

Influence of antianginal therapy and L-arginine on serum essential aminoacids spectrum among patients with unstable angina

The patients with unstable angina (UA) were examined using the method of ion exchange liquid-column chromatography. The content of the substitutable amino acids (AA) in blood serum was determined: ornithine, taurine, aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, cysteine, tyrosine, glutamine. The patients were divided into two groups: І – 37 people who received cardicet, bisoprolol, atoris, enap, acetylsalicylic acid, clopidogrel; ІІ – 38 people, the therapy of which, in addition to the mentioned drugs, included L-arginine (100 ml intravenous for 10 days). The results of the study indicate a different dynamics of changes in the level of substitute AK in serum in patients with NA, who received anti-anginal therapy and anti-anginal therapy with L-arginine. Attention is drawn to the fact that in patients with Group I after treatment, the total amount of replacement AA significantly decreased in comparison with the II group in 1,2 times, but remained unchanged compared with the indicator before treatment. In patients of the ІІ group, the total amount of substitute AK in serum is significantly reduced in comparison with kontrol group in 1.4 times, and compared with the indicator before treatment – in 1.2 times. That is, the inclusion of L-arginine in anti-anginal therapy promotes the enhancement of their intracellular metabolism in conditions of coronary circulatory destabilization. In patients with UA, antianginal therapy which included L-arginine, there was a normalization of such alternating AAs as ornithine, taurine and glycine, which can be considered as compensatory, protective reactions in myocardial ischemia. Thus, L-arginine effectively affects the balance of substitute AA blood plasma in patients with UA.

Investigation of the compatibility between one-dimensional system parameters and the multidimensional solvation parameter model in RP liquid column chromatography

It has been established that in many cases the system constants used in the Solvation parameter model as well as the corresponding log k values can be linearized in the same NSP and NSP?scale, respectively, which shows the compatibility of both models. NSP and NSP?are one-dimensional system parameters adapted to the chromatographic system used over the phase equilibrium constant.