ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS INURUG INDIGENOUS VILLAGE, BOGOR DISTRICT, INDONESIA

The ethnobotanical study in this report focuses on traditional therapeutic plants utilized by local societiesin the treatment of human infections. This research was performed from January to February 2018 in Urug indigenous village, Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia. The emphasis of this study was to record curative plants used to treat different disorders in the research region. This ethnobotanical information was obtained with the aid of semi-structural interviews, guided field walks and observations with informants. The species Use value and Fidelity Level were employed in the examination of several species. Furthermore, 102 therapeutic plants, including 96 genera and 48 families were compiled and identified. However, Zingiberaceae (9,8%)family had the highest therapeutic plants used for several therapies in this region. The highest proportion of medicinal plants comprise of herbs (40.2%) while leaves (69%) were the most often used parts in the formulation of traditional drugs. Meanwhile, decoctions (47,8%) were commonly utilized as a traditional medicine preparation method. The frequently applied ethnomedicinal plant types were Centella asiatica (1.0) while the highest Fidelity Level value for the management of sprue was Pterocarpus indicus. Also, indigenes in this survey community have traditional wisdom in the treatment of human diseases using these plants. The significant risk to these herbs is the indifference by youths, therefore there is a need to raise awareness within the local societies with focus placed on sustainable utilization and management of both medicinal plants and traditional knowledge.

Phytochemical and pharmacological investigations of different extracts of leaves and stem barks of Macropanax dispermus (Araliaceae): a promising ethnomedicinal plant

Background Macropanax dispermus is traditionally used to treat various diseases by ethnic people. The present research reports the pharmacological properties with phytochemical profiling of the crude extracts of M. dispermus leaves (MDML), its n-hexane (MDHL), carbon tetrachloride (MDTL), chloroform (MDCL), ethyl acetate (MDEL), and aqueous (MDAL) fractions, and crude methanol extracts of its stem barks (MDMS). The in vitro thrombolytic activity was done on human erythrocytes whereas the cytotoxic activity was done by brine shrimp lethality assay. The in vivo analgesic activity was examined by acetic acid-induced writhing, tail immersion, and formalin-induced paw licking method. In contrast, antipyretic activity was done by the brewer’s yeast-induced pyrexia method. Results MDHL and MDMS showed 37.05% and 42.21% of significant (p < 0.01) thrombolytic activity, respectively. MDCL and MDMS showed the lower LC50 values of 23.15 and 37.11 µg/ml during cytotoxicity test, respectively. In acetic acid writhing method, MDTL and MDEL showed significant (p < 0.001) inhibition of writhing by 79.34% and 80.17%, respectively. MDMS showed significant (p < 0.001) maximal possible effect (%MPE) of 45.95%, 62.26%, 65.79%, 89.69% and elongation of time in pain reaction of 48.53%, 60.28%, 58.76%, and 70.14% at 30, 60, 90, and 120 min intervals, respectively. MDML at 400 mg/kg exhibited significant (p < 0.001) 82.72% of inhibition of pain at the late phases. MDEL at 400 mg/kg of dose exhibited significant (p < 0.001) reduction of rectal temperature by 36.31%, 62.42%, 89.81%,, and 96.82% at 1, 2, 3, and 4 h intervals, respectively. Conclusion The current research suggests that the plant extracts possess potential thrombolytic, cytotoxic, analgesic, and antipyretic activities.