Time Trend of Liver Cancer Among Subpopulation of Ages Less Than 40 During 2005-2014 in Nghe An, Viet Nam

Background: Liver cancer has been leading cancer mortality nationwide in Viet Nam. Aim: The aim was to examine time trends of liver cancer mortality by performing population-based mortality registration in Nghe An province, 2005-2014. Methods: We yearly collected data from all 480 Commune Health Stations from 2005 to 2014 using the designed form of “Mortality Registration” with a guideline of underlying-, immediate, - and contribute cause of death. Five variables were included name, age, sex, date of death and cause of death. Average residents of each commune were also yearly reported. All cases were coded ICD-10, then liver cancer (C22) was derived. Age-standardized rate (ASR) was estimated. Trend of liver cancer was observed by estimated mortality rates ratio and 95% confident interval (MRR) for 5-period of 2005-2006 (reference), 2007-2008, 2009-2010, 2011-2012, 2013-2014, adjusted for total mortality rate and proportion of cases with unknown causes of death, for total, subgroup of ages 40 or older, and ages less than 40. Results: Among registered 7,667 cases of liver cancer, there were 855 cases aged less than 40. Mortality rates per 100,000 (ASR) were increased from 37.4 to 52.8 in men and 9.2 to 12.6 in women, from 2005 to 2014, respectively. The increased trends were significantly seen for the subpopulation ages 40 or older only, MRR=1.56, 95% CI: 1.38-1.76 in men and MRR=1.67, 95% CI: 1.36-2.04 in women, all P trend < 0.05. In contrast, the decreased trends were significantly observed for the subpopulation ages less than 40, MRR=0.72, 95% CI: 0.54-0.97 in men and MRR=0.47, 95% CI: 0.22-0.99 in women, all P trend < 0.05. Conclusion: The significant decline risks of death from liver cancer for the subpopulation ages less than 40 during 2005-2014 might be explained by HBV vaccine nationwide from 1998 to date and reduction of environmental factors induced this cancer sites in improving healthy environments after the war ended in 1975. Key-words: Liver-cancer, population-based mortality registration, Viet Nam, HBV-vaccine.

Prevalence and Characteristics of Liver Cancer Patients in Immanuel Hospital Bandung within January 2013 until December 2014 Period

Liver cancer is the fifth most common cancer in Indonesia. This research is to find out the prevalence and characteristics of liver cancer patients in Immanuel Hospital Bandung within the January 2013 until December 2014 period based on age, gender, clinical symptoms and predilections. This study was a descriptive verificative research with data retrieval of patients medical records that have been diagnosed with liver cancer that were hospitalized in Immanuel Hospital Bandung within January 2013 until December 2014 period. The study showed that the liver cancer patient prevalence in Immanuel Hospital Bandung within the period of January 2013 until December 2014 was 46 people. Characteristics of liver cancer patients in Immanuel Hospital Bandung within January 2013 until December 2014 period showed that the most liver cancer patients were male, compare with female with ratio 4:1, the most common age group of 56-65 years old, the most common clinical symptoms were abdominal pain with or without reffered pain to the right scapular bone and the most common predilection was right lobe of the liver. Key words: liver cancer, patients' characteristics, prevalence

TO EXAMINE THE CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS, PARACLINICAL SIGNS OF PATIENTS WITH LIVER CANCER AND EVALUATE THE RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF LIVER CANCER BY GAMMA KNIFE

Objective: To examine the clinical characteristics, paraclinical signs of patients with liver cancer and evaluate the results of treatment of liver cancer by gamma knife. Material and Methods: 95 patients were diagnosed liver cancer that treated with Gamma Knife in Hue University Hospital from January 2011 to May 2012. Daily monitoring of patients in treatment process and after treatment for 1 month, 3 months, 6 months...The data on clinical monitoring, images are recorded. Results and discussion: (i) Most patients with a history of hepatitis B, C (66.3%), what has not been previously treated (78.9%). Common clinical symptoms are right lower ribs pain (62.1%), poor diet (47.4%), enlarged liver (41.1%), weight loss (36.8%), fatigue (30,5%). The majority of liver tumors located in the right liver (74.8%) and usually have two or more tumors (91.6%). Large tumor size mostly bigger than 6 cm (48.4%), 43.2% of patients with tumor size 3-6cm. Hepatic enzyme increased 15.9%, 22.1% Billirubin increase, accounting for 26.3% of AFP increase. (ii) Gamma treatment with focus of more than 20 at a rate 47.4%, primarily radiation time longer than 15 minutes (58.9%). Most patients reported no abnormalities in the proces of treatment (57.9%), only a few patients have a feeling of fullness, indigestion (26.3%), pain (28.4%), dizziness (3.2%). The main clinical symptoms improved after treatment. (iii) The paraclinical biochemics, after 1-6 months of treatment patients with paraclinical signs improved. Tumor size after 1-6 months of treatment accounted for 66.3% reduction, not reduced to 22.1%, increase in size accounted for only 11.6%. Conclusion: after Gamma Knife treatment from 1 to 6 months, most patients respond well and are quite good. After one month, this rate is 84.2%. After 3-6 months, this rate is 73.1%. Keywords: liver cancer, treatment, Gamma Knife Key words: liver cancer, treatment, Gamma Knife