Analisis Identifikasi dan Guilt pada Teori Dramatisme Kenneth Burke dalam Film “They Live 1988”

According to Burke, Dramatism means humans can learn and understand motives in all human interactions through symbols. Burke sees that the motives behind people's actions are essential for analyzing and finding out why people do and say what they do. Apart from the dramatic Pentad which is one of the important concepts in dramatism, there are identification, guilt and ratio. There are six ways of identification, formal patterns, framing, ambiguous symbols, mystification, and scapegoats. There are two forms of guilt, namely mortification and victimage. There are two forms of guilt, mortification and labeling the enemy or the victim of victimage. This study aims to analyze existing data to present the basic findings of dramatism theory, identification and guilt in the film "They Life 1988". This research was conducted with a qualitative descriptive approach, by analyzing findings from previous research or secondary data which will generate basic findings as the results of the analysis, namely: identifying which there are six parts, namely identification, formal patterns, framing, ambiguous symbols, mystification and scapegoat. Then it generates guilt in which there are two parts, mortification and labeling of the enemy or the victim of vicitimage.

Lecture 8: Hegemony and Rhetoric Analysis

The connection between rhetoric and hegemony leads us back to Kenneth Burke’s work on political critique and the subtle ways discourse shapes political consciousness. This lecture also looks at how Ernesto Laclau connects rhetoric and the theory of articulation; Joseph Nye’s work on soft power; Timothy Borchers’ discourse on the work of rhetorician Dana Cloud; and Robert Ivie’s thoughts on balancing the opposing notions of identification and division. La connexion entre rhétorique et hégémonie nous ramène aux écrits de Kenneth Burke sur la critique politique et les façons subtiles dont le discours forme la conscience politique. Ce cours examine aussi : la manière dont Ernesto Laclau relie la rhétorique et et la théorie de l’articulation; le travail de Joseph Nye sur le soft power (« pouvoir de convaincre »); les réflexions de Timothy Borchers sur l’œuvre du rhétoricien Dana Cloud; et les pensées de Robert Ivie sur l’utilité d’équilibrer les notions opposées d’identification et de division.

Lecture 5: Kenneth Burke

Lecture five broadly addresses the work of the prolific American rhetorician Kenneth Burke. He was often criticized for his wide-ranging analyses, enlarging the field of rhetoric, including those aspects of everyday language that are moving and persuasive. This lecture attempts to contextualize his theories, laying the groundwork for further examination of his immense scope of scholarship. Le cinquième cours porte sur l’œuvre du prolifique rhétoricien américain Kenneth Burke. On a souvent critiqué celui-ci pour ses analyses ambitieuses par lesquelles il a élargi le champ de la rhétorique, y compris ces aspects de la langue quotidienne qui sont émouvantes et persuasives. Ce cours tente de contextualiser ses théories, jetant ainsi les bases d’un examen ultérieur de son vaste savoir.

Gamification: the magic circle of technology

In recent years gamification has emerged as a design trend in customer relationship management, marketing, education and governance. It promotes the use of game design principles in the organization of every day environments, tasks and interactions. As an offspring of advanced communication technologies, gamification relies on the unhindered use of networked devices that transforms every experience into a user experience. Borrowing on the ubiquitous popularity of video games, the premise of gamification is the technologically enabled relationship between virtual causes and real-life effects, and its promise - a mutually beneficial coordination of corporate and personal interest. This dissertation outlines the socio-political implications of the concept of gamification through a critical examination of its content and intended meanings. The unpacking of gamification as an aspiration and a worldview reveals that as soon as we take for granted the equality of the sign and the signified, we also accept that life experiences do not exceed the signs we use to describe them. Therefore, to play life as a game, as gamifiers urge, is to live life by design. The definition I coin considers gamification from the perspective of political consequences, rather than practical application and mechanics. I work towards this definition by focusing on the rhetoric of gamification as an expressed intention that constructs motives and renegotiates beliefs. Hence, the theoretical model I apply draws on the work of two major theorists. American rhetorician and philosopher Kenneth Burke offers a theoretical apparatus for the study of the form and rhetorical devices of addressed messages. French semiotician and social theorist, Jean Baudrillard, informs the deconstruction of the claims gamification makes. The treatment of language as intention and action that is necessarily subjective and interested, offers a liminal stand-point from where the vision of a gamified world can be seen as an ideology which normalises itself by rhetorical means. Thus, I propose that the concept of gamification, whether applied in practice or not, is a political act. It constructs an ideology that seeks to reconcile the myth of the sacrosanct freedom of the Western individual with the constant imposition of corporate and government demands for compliance, accountability and efficiency.

Gamification: the magic circle of technology

In recent years gamification has emerged as a design trend in customer relationship management, marketing, education and governance. It promotes the use of game design principles in the organization of every day environments, tasks and interactions. As an offspring of advanced communication technologies, gamification relies on the unhindered use of networked devices that transforms every experience into a user experience. Borrowing on the ubiquitous popularity of video games, the premise of gamification is the technologically enabled relationship between virtual causes and real-life effects, and its promise - a mutually beneficial coordination of corporate and personal interest. This dissertation outlines the socio-political implications of the concept of gamification through a critical examination of its content and intended meanings. The unpacking of gamification as an aspiration and a worldview reveals that as soon as we take for granted the equality of the sign and the signified, we also accept that life experiences do not exceed the signs we use to describe them. Therefore, to play life as a game, as gamifiers urge, is to live life by design. The definition I coin considers gamification from the perspective of political consequences, rather than practical application and mechanics. I work towards this definition by focusing on the rhetoric of gamification as an expressed intention that constructs motives and renegotiates beliefs. Hence, the theoretical model I apply draws on the work of two major theorists. American rhetorician and philosopher Kenneth Burke offers a theoretical apparatus for the study of the form and rhetorical devices of addressed messages. French semiotician and social theorist, Jean Baudrillard, informs the deconstruction of the claims gamification makes. The treatment of language as intention and action that is necessarily subjective and interested, offers a liminal stand-point from where the vision of a gamified world can be seen as an ideology which normalises itself by rhetorical means. Thus, I propose that the concept of gamification, whether applied in practice or not, is a political act. It constructs an ideology that seeks to reconcile the myth of the sacrosanct freedom of the Western individual with the constant imposition of corporate and government demands for compliance, accountability and efficiency.

Ways of Working with Language

With reference to the author’s experience with English and other languages, this essay reflects on the problem of American monolingualism and explores modes of learned critical attention to the work language does in society, examining writing by Kenneth Burke, Raymond Williams, Erich Auerbach, and Sheldon Pollock.

The Appeal of the Fantastic and the Improbable in Late Eighteenth-Century Children's Literature

Eighteenth-century children's authors implicitly exploited the fantastic and the improbable aspects of fairy tales to complement the persuasiveness of their moralistic teachings. Whereas the coexistence of chapbook residue with middle-class pedagogy in eighteenth-century children's books has already been underlined in scholarly studies, little critical attention has been paid to the rhetorical effects exercised by the incorporation of the fantastic and the improbable in eighteenth-century children's stories. Through appealing to the audience's collective imagination, eighteenth-century children's authors both derived from and built upon a set of common aspirations shared by a middle-class audience, thus cultivating a sense of what Kenneth Burke termed consubstantiality among the readers. Focussing on John Newbery's A Little Pretty Pocket-Book (1744), The History of Goody Two-Shoes (1765), and Maria Edgeworth's ‘The Orphans’ (1796), this study explores the modus operandi through which late-eighteenth-century children's authors sought to communicate serious messages by employing improbable plotlines.

Rekurrenz – Evokation – Konnotation: Bausteine für eine strukturalistische Analyse literarischer Texte

ZusammenfassungÜber welche theoretischen und methodologischen Ressourcen verfügt ein (strukturalistisch sozialisierter) Linguist für die Analyse dessen, was einen literarischen Text ausmacht? Von zwei Gesichtspunkten her geht der Beitrag dieser Frage nach: Einmal von Eugenio Coserius textlinguistischer Reflexion der Besonderheiten von Literatur, mit dem Schwerpunkt auf geordneter Rekurrenz von Elementen in allen Ebenen, und zum anderen von den Theorien des US-Sprachphilosophen und Literaturkritikers Kenneth Burke. Illustriert werden die Deutungsverfahren an Beispielen aus Lyrik und Prosa.

Trumping Reason

Why does support for Donald Trump remain resilient despite the preponderance of arguments and evidence that should refute so many of his claims? The answer lies in how Trump's rhetoric fully embraces intuitively based rationales for allegiance. This chapter analyzes Donald Trump's rhetoric throughout his campaign and presidency through the lens of moral foundations theory, which identifies clusters of value commitments that correlate with political allegiance. Trump activates connections with foundational values of his constituents through specific heuristic devices, especially loss aversion, availability, and representativeness. Synthesizing behavioral economics with the dramatistic rhetorical theories of Kenneth Burke reveals how Trump's claims resist counterargument and what rhetorical resources offer potential avenues for alternative positions to gain traction.