Generalized version of chiral Schwinger model in terms of chiral bosonization

The $$(1+1)$$ ( 1 + 1 ) dimensional generalized model where vector and axial vector interaction get mixed up with different strength is considered. Imposing a chiral constraint, the model can be expressed in terms of chiral boson. Then the theoretical spectra of this model has been determined in both the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalism. It is found that the massless degrees of freedom disappears from the spectra and the photon acquires mass as well. Imposition of chiral constraint brings a disaster so far as Lorentz invariance is concerned. An attempt has been made here to show the physical Lorentz invariance explicitly using Poincaré algebra.

Schwinger Model as Prototype for Confined Fermions

We will present the Schwinger Model by characteristics like Mechanism of Higgs-Schwinger, Fermionic Charge Shielding, and Chiral Anomaly. Confinement and Topological Vacuum are prototype of theories with Confined Fermions. We will present some aspects of Bosonization and, for example, we will make a representation of the Free Field of Dirac with null mass. We will do a review of Schwinger's model with Lowestein-Swieca, and we will discuss the theory. We also will present modified models of Rothe-Stamatescu, Schroer and Thirring, demonstrating its equivalence with Sine-Gordon's theory.

Quantum Algorithms for Simulating the Lattice Schwinger Model

The Schwinger model (quantum electrodynamics in 1+1 dimensions) is a testbed for the study of quantum gauge field theories. We give scalable, explicit digital quantum algorithms to simulate the lattice Schwinger model in both NISQ and fault-tolerant settings. In particular, we perform a tight analysis of low-order Trotter formula simulations of the Schwinger model, using recently derived commutator bounds, and give upper bounds on the resources needed for simulations in both scenarios. In lattice units, we find a Schwinger model on N/2 physical sites with coupling constant x−1/2 and electric field cutoff x−1/2Λ can be simulated on a quantum computer for time 2xT using a number of T-gates or CNOTs in O~(N3/2T3/2xΛ) for fixed operator error. This scaling with the truncation Λ is better than that expected from algorithms such as qubitization or QDRIFT. Furthermore, we give scalable measurement schemes and algorithms to estimate observables which we cost in both the NISQ and fault-tolerant settings by assuming a simple target observable–the mean pair density. Finally, we bound the root-mean-square error in estimating this observable via simulation as a function of the diamond distance between the ideal and actual CNOT channels. This work provides a rigorous analysis of simulating the Schwinger model, while also providing benchmarks against which subsequent simulation algorithms can be tested.

Real Time Dynamics and Confinement in the Zn Schwinger-Weyl lattice model for 1+1 QED

We study the out-of-equilibrium properties of 1+1 dimensional quantum electrodynamics (QED), discretized via the staggered-fermion Schwinger model with an Abelian Zn gauge group. We look at two relevant phenomena: first, we analyze the stability of the Dirac vacuum with respect to particle/antiparticle pair production, both spontaneous and induced by an external electric field; then, we examine the string breaking mechanism. We observe a strong effect of confinement, which acts by suppressing both spontaneous pair production and string breaking into quark/antiquark pairs, indicating that the system dynamics displays a number of out-of-equilibrium features.