Three year experience of Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopic procedures at a tertiary care hospital of South Punjab

Introduction: Endoscopy has become a necessity in diagnosing gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. The objective of our study was to evaluate the different indications and findings of upper GI endoscopy. Methods: This retrospective analysis was undertaken at department of Gastroenterology, Nishtar Hospital Multan. Records of all upper GI endoscopic procedures from 1st January 2018 till 31st December 2020 were evaluated. Results: A total 3299 upper GI endoscopic procedures were perfumed during the three-year time period. Mean age was 47 years. Majority of patients were males. Almost 48% of patients belonged to the middle-aged group. The most common indication was upper GI bleeding (57%), followed by dyspepsia (15%). The most common finding was esophageal varices (43%), followed by portal gastropathy (26%) and gastritis (16%). Conclusion: This study concludes that the majority of endoscopies are being undertaken as a result of complications of cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Keywords: Endoscopy, audit, indications, findings

A Case of Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy for Paediatric Oesophageal Achalasia

Objective of the Paper: To present a case of successful use of Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy (POEM) in oesophageal achalasia in a 6-year-old child at the Scientific and Research Institute of Emergency Paediatric Surgery and Traumatology. Key Points. Being highly efficient and minimally invasive, POEM has been gaining in popularity in management of oesophageal achalasia in adult patients. However, in paediatrics, clinicians remain wary of the method. POEM was used to treat grade 3 oesophageal achalasia in a 6-year-old girl. No intraoperative complications were recorded. The postoperative period was uncomplicated: feeding with strained food started the next day after surgery; the child was discharged from the hospital on day 3. During follow-up visits (3, 12, 24 months) the child did not have any complaints; symptoms of dysphagia regressed completely; 3-month weight gain was 4kg; endoscopic examination showed an unobstructed oesophagus without inflammation. Conclusion. POEM is a promising method for management of oesophageal achalasia in children; still, controlled randomised studies should be conducted in order to assess the efficiency of the method in comparison with the efficiency of laparoscopy and balloon dilatation. Keywords: endoscopy, children, oesophageal achalasia, peroral endoscopic myotomy.

EFFICACY OF ENDOSCOPIC VERSUS MICROSCOPIC REMOVAL OF PITUITARY NONINVASIVE ADENOMA: A PROSPECTIVE COMPARATIVE STUDY.

Aim: to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic versus microscopic removal of pituitary noninvasive adenoma. Materials and methods: The present prospective comparative was conducted in the Department of Neurosurgery, SKMCH, Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India among 40 patients diagnosed of noninvasive pituitary Adenoma. Group I (n=22); underwent endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery. Group II (n=18): underwent microscopic transsphenoidal surgery. Results: A total of 40 patients with pituitary noninvasive adenoma were operated transsphenoidally. Endonasal endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery (group I) was carried out among 22 patients and 18 patients were operated by microscopic transsphenoidal surgery (group II). In group I, complete tumor excision was achieved in 14 (63.6%) patients, and in group II, it was achieved in 10 (55.6%) patients. Conclusion: Both techniques are valid for the treatment of pituitary noninvasive adenomas. However, endoscopy proves to be superior for resection followed by less post-operative complication in comparison to microscopic technique. Keywords: endoscopy, microscopy, pituitary adenoma

Profil endoskopi gastrointestinal di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Januari 2016 – Agustus 2016

Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (GIE) is a technique in gastroenterology – hepatology to directly see condition of the gastrointestinal tract by using a tool called endoscope. For endoscopy in the upper gastrointestinal tract is called esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Besides Esophagogastroduodenoscopy there is also colonoscopy, is used to evaluate the condition of lower gastrointestinal tract, in the area of rectum, sigmoid colon, descending colon, transverse colon, ascending colon, cecum, and also ileum.This research is aimed to understanding profile of gastrointestinal endoscopy in patients in RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado period January 2016 – August 2016. This was a descriptive retrospective study using taking secondary data of patients from Medical Record Department of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. The results showed that there 59 patients with endoscopy examination performed on them. The majority of patients were 30 males (51%), age group 50-59 years old (30%), with dyspepsia (epigastric pain) as indication (57%), EGD (80%), and chronic gastritis plus Helicobacter pylori infection as diagnosis after biopsy (38%).Keywords: endoscopy, indication, diagnosis Abstrak: Endoskopi gastrointestinal (EGI) merupakan salah satu teknik dalam ilmu gastroenterology-hepatologi untuk melihat secara langsung keadaan di dalam saluran cerna dengan menggunakan alat yang bernama endoskop. Pemeriksaan endoskopi pada saluran cerna bagian atas disebut esofagogastrodudenoskopi (EGD) sedangkan kolonoskopi digunakan untuk mengevaluasi serta memeriksa lumen pada saluran cerna bagian bawah, yaitu pada daerah rektum, kolon sigmoid, kolon desenden, kolon transversum, kolon asenden, sekum, serta ileum. Penelitian ini bertujuan unutk mengetahui profil EGI pada pasien di RSUP Prof. DR. R. D. Kandou periode Januari 2016-Agustus 2016. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan menggunakan data sekunder pasien di Instalasi Rekam Medik RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kando Manado. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh pasien yang melakukan pemeriksaan endoskopi sebanyak 59 orang. Mayoritas pasien ialah pasien jenis kelamin laki-laki sebanyak 30 orang (51%), kelompok usia 50-59 tahun (30%), dengan indikasi dispepsia (nyeri epigastrium) (57%), tindakan endoskopi jenis EGD (80%), dan diagnosis dibiopsi gastritis kronik dengan infeksi Helicobacter pylori (38%). Kata kunci: endoskopi, indikasi, diagnosis