Assessing Deception in Questionnaire Surveys With Eye-Tracking

Deceit often occurs in questionnaire surveys, which leads to the misreporting of data and poor reliability. The purpose of this study is to explore whether eye-tracking could contribute to the detection of deception in questionnaire surveys, and whether the eye behaviors that appeared in instructed lying still exist in spontaneous lying. Two studies were conducted to explore eye movement behaviors in instructed and spontaneous lying conditions. The results showed that pupil size and fixation behaviors are both reliable indicators to detect lies in questionnaire surveys. Blink and saccade behaviors do not seem to predict deception. Deception resulted in increased pupil size, fixation count and duration. Meanwhile, respondents focused on different areas of the questionnaire when lying versus telling the truth. Furthermore, in the actual deception situation, the linear support vector machine (SVM) deception classifier achieved an accuracy of 74.09%. In sum, this study indicates the eye-tracking signatures of lying are not restricted to instructed deception, demonstrates the potential of using eye-tracking to detect deception in questionnaire surveys, and contributes to the questionnaire surveys of sensitive issues.

Detection of deception through saccadic movements in the psychological assessment and symptom monitoring of Covid-19

From the theory of the model of the mind's point of view, which indicates that in syllogisms there will be more eye movements from front to back between the terms of the premises that question some of Ford's predictions? (Espino & Santamaría, 1998) During the blinking process, sometimes the superior and inferior eyelids tend to completely or incompletely close. It intervenes notably in the comfort of vision when we perform surrounding vision tasks. Carrying out tasks such as conferences, paper, and electronic versions, it's linked to an increase in dry eye symptoms, therefore, among other factors, of altered blinking. (Rodríguez Montiel, 2015). This article intended to verify the phenomena of lying, deception, and self-deception that are directly related to psychological problems and their treatments (Porcel Medina & Gonzalez Fernandez, 2005). Among its defining features is the adoption of computational metaphor as a source of inspiration for the modeling of the structures and processes of the mind, and methodological functionalism, which legitimizes the study of mental processes and states (the "software") regardless of its physical installation base (the "hardware"). It is a computerized model of the human special abilities for reasoning and problem-solving skills. However, it is another modern language used in artificial intelligence (AI) and the logical extension that is based on first-order predicate calculus that includes an inference engine that uses backward chaining. It is a non-procedural language, which indicates that the instructions do not have to necessarily be executed in the order that they have been entered. (Pino Diez & Gómez Gómez, 2001) It is concluded that the specific causes of this ocular muscular activity constitute a true enigma located in the adjacent area of the midbrain. (García Alcolea, 2009). The article will be based according to the title, authors, year of publication, abstract, citations, and bibliographic references since it is an experimental design project.

Seeing the Bigger Picture: Susceptibility to, and Detection of, Deception

An extended time window was used to examine susceptibility to, and detection of, deception in rugby union. High- and low-skilled rugby players judged the final running direction of an opponent “cutting” left or right, with or without a deceptive sidestep. Each trial was occluded at one of eight time points relative to the footfall after the initial (genuine or fake) reorientation. Based on response accuracy, the results were separated into deception susceptibility and deception detection windows. Signal-detection analysis was used to calculate the discriminability of genuine and deceptive actions (d') and the response bias (c). High-skilled players were less susceptible to deception and better able to detect when they had been deceived, accompanied by a reduced bias toward perceiving all actions as genuine. By establishing the time window in which players become deceived, it will now be possible to identify the kinematic sources that drive deception.