Biến đổi khí hậu – ngành nghiên cứu còn nhiều bất bình đẳng

Nguyễn Quang Lộc (SP Jain School of Global Management, Sydney, Úc), Lê Tâm Trí (Trung tâm Nghiên cứu Xã hội Liên ngành, ĐH Phenikaa, Hà Nội, Việt Nam); 17/12/2021 17:30Những năm gần đây, chủ đề nghiên cứu về biến đổi khí hậu ngày càng nở rộ trên toàn cầu. Nhưng có một sự thật đáng buồn là số bài nghiên cứu có chất lượng đến từ các học giả ở các nước đang phát triển chỉ chiếm một tỉ lệ khá nhỏ, mặc dù các nước này đóng góp rất lớn, đặc biệt về dữ liệu để đánh giá tác động của biến đổi khí hậu.

Global Quality Management System (G-QMS) in Systems of Systems (SoS) – Aspects of Definition, Structure and Model

The current research integrates, for the first-time, the relatively new and rapidly evolving disciplines of QMS, SoS, Globalization and Systems approaches such as Systems Thinking, by defining a novel field of research concerning G-QMS in global SoS organizations. This is an exploratory study which uses the Grounded Theory combined with an analytical review and professional experience to provide a framework for identifying new key variables in the multidimensional environment of global management. The purpose of this study is the creation a theoretical foundation for this field of research, and introduce logical deductions regarding G-QMS in global SoS organizations that can be used as foundational principles for a definition and model of G-QMS. Methodology: The study paradigm combines analytical review, which integrates the four main disciplines, and a structured qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews, and used Grounded Theory. Results and conclusions: The findings show that G-QMS is a necessary condition for these organizations, while the management of G-QMS is inseparable from the management of the SoS. The final results reveal 18 aspects to be considered in any definition determined for G-QMS in global SoS organizations, and any model to be developed. From these, 8 base anchors for the model were analyzed and mapped, as well as its main factors. Each of these base anchors makes its own contribution to any further development in this area. However, considering them all together creates an initial model of G-QMS in global SoS organizations.

AD Astra Per Aspera

Las oficinas de esta revista, Review of Global Management, están en el Área Académica de Administración de la UPC. Esta área está adscrita organizacionalmentea la Facultad de Negocios y su gobierno es la responsabilidad de la Dirección Académica de Administración y Finanzas (DAF), uno de los siete brazos ejecutivos de dicha facultad.

The role and value of science in shark conservation advocacy

Many species of sharks are threatened with extinction, and there has been a longstanding debate in scientific and environmental circles over the most effective and appropriate strategy to conserve and protect them. Should we allow for sustainable fisheries exploitation of species which can withstand fishing pressure, or ban all fisheries for sharks and trade in shark products? In the developing world, exploitation of fisheries resources can be essential to food security and poverty alleviation, and global management efforts are typically focused on sustainably maximizing economic benefits. This approach aligns with traditional fisheries management and the perspectives of most surveyed scientific researchers who study sharks. However, in Europe and North America, sharks are increasingly venerated as wildlife to be preserved irrespective of conservation status, resulting in growing pressure to prohibit exploitation of sharks and trade in shark products. To understand the causes and significance of this divergence in goals, we surveyed 155 shark conservation focused environmental advocates from 78 environmental non-profits, and asked three key questions: (1) where do advocates get scientific information? (2) Does all policy-relevant scientific information reach advocates? and (3) Do advocates work towards the same policy goals identified by scientific researchers? Findings suggest many environmental advocates are aware of key scientific results and use science-based arguments in their advocacy, but a small but vocal subset of advocates report that they never read the scientific literature or speak to scientists. Engagement with science appears to be a key predictor of whether advocates support sustainable management of shark fisheries or bans on shark fishing and trade in shark products. Conservation is a normative discipline, and this analysis more clearly articulates two distinct perspectives in shark conservation. Most advocates support the same evidence-based policies as academic and government scientists, while a smaller percentage are driven more by moral and ethical beliefs and may not find scientific research relevant or persuasive. We also find possible evidence that a small group of non-profits may be misrepresenting the state of the science while claiming to use science-based arguments, a concern that has been raised by surveyed scientists about the environmental community. This analysis suggests possible alternative avenues for engaging diverse stakeholders in productive discussions about shark conservation.