Pimenta racemosa (bay rum tree).

A datasheet on Pimenta racemosa covering, as an economically important tree, its taxonomy, importance, silviculture, distribution, biology and ecology, uses, products and pests.

Pimenta dioica and Pimenta racemosa: GC-based metabolomics for the assessment of seasonal and organs variation in their volatile components, in silico and in vitro cytotoxic activity estimation

Volatile constituents isolated from stems (S) and leaves (L) of Pimenta dioica (PD) and Pimenta racemosa (PR) during the four seasons were analyzed using GLC/FID (Gas liquid chromatography – flame...

Phytochemical evaluation and in vitro antidiabetic efficiency of isopropanolic leaf extract of pimenta racemosa

The traditional herbal medicines are mainly obtained from plants are used in the management of Diabetes mellitus. The main objective of this work was to assess the presence of phytochemical compounds and to evaluate the in vitro antidiabetic activity of isopropanolic extracts of Pimenta racemosa leaves by studying their α-amylase inhibitory activity and glucose transport across yeast cells. Screening of phytochemicals showed positive results for alkaloids, steroids, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, reducing sugars, anthraquinones, and results of in vitro α-amylase inhibitory studies demonstrated there was a dose-dependent increase in percentage inhibitory activity by the isopropanolic leaf extracts of Pimenta racemosa. At a concentration of 1 mg/ml, the extract showed a percentage inhibition 33.6 and for 5 mg/ml it was 91.2. The glucose uptake study was also studied through yeast cells by analyzing theamount of glucose remaining in the medium after a specific time intervals. It serves as an indicator for the capability of isopropanolic leaf extracts of Pimenta racemosa to transport the glucose into yeast cells. As a result, we found that the isopropanolic leaf extract of Pimenta racemosa have inhibitory activity against αamylase and also, which is efficient in glucose uptake. This therapeutic potentiality of Pimenta racemosa could be exploited in the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Further studies are also required to elucidate whether the plant have antidiabetic potential by in vivo for corroborating the traditional claim of the plant.

O óleo essencial de Pimenta racemosa é eficiente inseticida para controle de Sitophilus spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) em grãos armazenados

Os produtos formulados a partir de plantas possuem uma gama de compostos ativos, dos quais muitos apresentam efeitos inseticidas já comprovados, podendo ser atraentes ou repelentes aos insetos, servindo assim como alternativa no controle das populações de insetos-praga. Assim sendo, o presente estudo objetivou investigar a potencial atividade inseticida de óleos essenciais e métodos de aplicação sobre Sitophilus spp. em grãos de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris) sob atmosfera controlada. Os óleos essenciais utilizados foram: Cymbopogon citratus (citronela), Cymbopogon nardus (capim-limão) e Pimenta racemosa (pimenta-gim), os quais foram aplicados em dois métodos em grãos de feijão, direta e indiretamente. Constatou-se um efeito inseticida sobre Sitophilus spp. decorrente da aplicação de óleos essenciais em grãos de feijão. Obteve-se maior efeito inseticida no tratamento com óleo essencial de pimenta-gim sendo que a segunda maior mortalidade média foi apresentada pelo óleo de capim limão. Estes resultados demostram que estes dois óleos são eficientes para manejo de Sitophilus spp. nas primeiras 72 horas posteriores a aplicação.

Chemical Composition of the Essential oil of The Leaves of Pimenta diocia (L.) Merr. & Pimenta racemosa (Mill.) cultivated in Egypt and Evaluation of Their in-vitro Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities

<p>The aim of the study is to identify and characterize the chemical composition of the essential oil of both leaves of <em>Pimenta diocia</em> (L.) Merr. and <em>Pimenta racemosa</em> (Mill.) as well as to evaluate their <em>in-vitro</em> antioxidant and anti-diabetic potency. Both leaves essential oil was analyzed by GC-MS analysis. Different <em>in-vitro</em> antioxidant tests were employed, namely, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric thiocyanate (FTC), ferric reducing antioxidant power, thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and β-carotene-linoleate bleaching assay. Also, the present work aims to evaluate the α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition as well as glucose uptake by yeast cells of essential oils. Essential oil analysis of the leaves of <em>Pimenta racemosa</em> (Mill.) showed high amounts of eugenol (37.95%), β-Myrecene (21.01%), α-Pinene (17.82%), linalool (6.15%) and limonene (5.93%). GC-MS data of leaves essential oil revealed the presence of eugenol (30.17%), limonene (17.24), α-Pinene (16.78%), linalool (9.71), 1,8 cineole (8.31%) and β-myrecene (5.21%) . <em>Pimenta</em> <em>diocia</em> (L.) Merr. and <em>Pimenta</em> <em>racemosa</em> (Mill.) leaves essential oil having antioxidant effect using various methods. In most of the oil samples and assays the antioxidant activity was higher than the one revealed by the positive control BHT. Both plants essential oil showed potent inhibition of α-Amylase at concentration 2.00 mg as it was inhibited by (75 and 63 %); with IC₅₀ (0.95 and 1.13); respectively as well as inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme by (61.42 and 53.00%) with IC₅₀ (3.17 and 4.25); respectively. Also the percentage of glucose uptake by <em>Pimenta diocia</em> (L.) Merr. and <em>Pimenta racemosa</em> (Mill.) leaves essential oil at 2.00 mg/ml in the presence of 25 mM glucose<strong> </strong>is (63.49% and 49.61%); respectively. Conclusion: the present study clearly identified the Egyptian chemotype of <em>Pimenta diocia</em> (L.) Merr. and <em>Pimenta racemosa</em> (Mill.) leaves essential oil, it also displayed safe and promising antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. Therefore the essential oil of both species can be utilized as a natural antioxidant and antidiabetic as well as health benefits.</p>