Towards modulating colour hues of isoindigo-based electrochromic polymers through variation of thiophene-based donor groups

Conjugated polymers containing isoindigo electron acceptor groups have gained attention for electrochromic (EC) applications in recent years. To obtain a deeper fundamental understanding of the EC properties of isoindigo-based conjugated...

Water-soluble CMY primary color electrochromic polymers: Design, Synthesis and Full Color Control

The next generation of electrochromic materials are required to be rich in color rendering, excellent processability and environmental protection. Soluble electrochromic polymer (ECP) can fulfill these requirements. However, a more...

Advances in Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Based Affinity Sensors (Review)

Recent challenges in biomedical diagnostics show that the development of rapid affinity sensors is very important issue. Therefore, in this review we are aiming to outline the most important directions of affinity sensors where polymer-based semiconducting materials are applied. Progress in formation and development of such materials is overviewed and discussed. Some applicability aspects of conducting polymers in the design of affinity sensors are presented. The main attention is focused on bioanalytical application of conducting polymers such as polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) ortho-phenylenediamine. In addition, some other polymers and inorganic materials that are suitable for molecular imprinting technology are also overviewed. Polymerization techniques, which are the most suitable for the development of composite structures suitable for affinity sensors are presented. Analytical signal transduction methods applied in affinity sensors based on polymer-based semiconducting materials are discussed. In this review the most attention is focused on the development and application of molecularly imprinted polymer-based structures, which can replace antibodies, receptors, and many others expensive affinity reagents. The applicability of electrochromic polymers in affinity sensor design is envisaged. Sufficient biocompatibility of some conducting polymers enables to apply them as “stealth coatings” in the future implantable affinity-sensors. Some new perspectives and trends in analytical application of polymer-based semiconducting materials are highlighted.

Printing dynamic color palettes and layered textures through modeling-guided stacking of electrochromic polymers

A stacking scheme for solution-processable electrochromic polymers is presented with the integration of direct photolithography patterning to realize full colors, layered textures, and controllable color switching.