Kinematics and parameters of rolling process for the rotary working bodies of the cultivator for nursery

It is possible to improve the quality of agro-technical care of plants in arboretums by ap-plying the rotary working bodies in the form of needle-shaped discs which thanks to a combina-tion of the unit translation with their free rotation, provide qualitative opening of the soil along with weeding. The main purpose of the needle-shaped disks is to destruct the soil cover and weeding in the early stages of a plant growth.

Entropy Approach to the Construction of a Measure of Word Symbolic Diverseness and its Application to Clustering of Plant Genomes

An approach to the information analysis is considered for the case when the information is presented by words of finite length over a finite alphabet. A method of generating a measure of symbolic diverseness of words based on peak characteristics of a shift entropy function is proposed. The shift entropy function is formally defined using a unit translation operator and the entropy of discrete distributions. A model example is presented together with some results of application of the proposed measure in the clustering of families of plants using the analysis of genome of their representatives.

The crystal structures of fourN-(4-halophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamides

FourN-(4-halophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamides (halo = F, Cl, Br and I),N-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamide, C16H10FNO3,N-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamide, C16H10ClNO3,N-(4-bromophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamide, C16H10BrNO3,N-(4-iodophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamide, C16H10INO3, have been structurally characterized. The molecules are essentially planar and each exhibits ananticonformation with respect to the C—N rotamer of the amide and acisgeometry with respect to the relative positions of the Carom—Carombond of the chromone ring and the carbonyl group of the amide. The structures each exhibit an intramolecular hydrogen-bonding network comprising an N—H...O hydrogen bond between the amide N atom and the O atom of the carbonyl group of the pyrone ring, forming anS(6) ring, and a weak Carom—H...O interaction with the O atom of the carbonyl group of the amide as acceptor, which forms anotherS(6) ring. All four compounds have the same supramolecular structure, consisting ofR22(13) rings that are propagated along thea-axis direction by unit translation. There is π–π stacking involving inversion-related molecules in each structure.

Fluoren-9-one oxime

In the title molecule, C13H9NO, the fluorene system and the oxime group non-H atoms are essentially coplanar, with a maximum deviation from the fluorene mean plane of 0.079 (2) Å for the oxime O atom. A short intramolecular C—H...O generates anS(6) ring. In the crystal, molecules related by a twofold screw axis are connected by O—H...N hydrogen bonds, forming [100] chains Within these chains, molecules related by a unit translation along [100] show π–π stacking interactions between their fluorene ring systems with an interplanar distance of 3.347 (2) Å. The dihedral angle between the fluorene units of adjacent molecules along the helix is 88.40 (2)°. There is a short C—H...π contact between the fluorene groups belonging to neighbouring chains.

The Slip Modes in Alloys with the A2 (BC) Heusler-Type Structure

The slip modes in the CsCl type lattice (AB structure) have been considered in detail. Glide on {100} <100> does not involve A.P.B. formation or the creation of stacking faults. In contrast glide on {110} involves displacements that create stacking faults with either <100>, <110> or <111> glide vectors; in addition A.P.B.'s are also formed by ao <110> and ao <111> dislocations. We now consider A2(BC) ternary alloys based on the CsCl lattice where additional ordering of B and C atoms occurs on one of the sub-lattices. Fig. 1 shows a {110} plane where C' is a C-type atom in a subsequent layer. It is evident that both a unit ao [010] and ao [111] translation produce “wrong bonds.” Thus glide in these directions in an A2(BC) alloy must involve either 2ao [010] or 2ao [111] superdislocation pairs. Consequently glide on these systems will be intrinsically more difficult than in a binary alloy where B and C atoms are of the same specie. Since ao <101> is still a unit translation vector in the A2(BC) lattice one would anticipate that {101} <101> slip would not be appreciably more difficult than in the CsCl type lattice.