Religionsphilosophie

What is religion? Is it sensible to live according to a certain faith? Do science and religion contradict each other? Is there a god? Are we immortal? Questions like these are part of the philosophy of religion, to whose main problems and theories this book provides a comprehensive introduction. It introduces core issues of contemporary philosophy of religion in 14 didactically edited chapters, and describes and discusses classical and modern approaches. The book is intended for students of philosophy, theology and religious studies, but will also appeal to other readers interested in philosophy and religion. It can also be used as a textbook in an introductory course on the philosophy of religion.

Displacement of Manuscripts, Printing Revolution and Rediscovering Islamic Classics

Taking as the starting point, Ahmed El-Shamsy’s new book Rediscovering the Islamic Classics is a comprehensive introduction to trace the historical trajectory of Islamic intellectual legacy. In this engaging yet pleasantly thought-out book El Shamsy intends to offer a fresh conversation on the massive loss of manuscripts, role of colonialism and its role in strengthening the Orientalist enterprise in Muslim World including the drain of manuscripts into Europe. Bringing to light the agents and events of the Islamic print revolution, this work is also an absorbing examination of the central role printing and its advocates played in the intellectual history of the modern Arab world. This review essay offers a contextual perspective and a detailed rationale behind the loss of manuscripts and unpacks some of the important debates behind the decline and restoration of Islam’s intellectual legacy.

The Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā and the Sky as a Symbol of Mahāyāna Doctrines and Aspirations

The Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā is a Mahāyāna dharmaparyāya and is the eighth chapter of the great canonical collection of Mahāyāna Buddhism, the Mahāsaṃnipāta. The text is lost in the original Indic, but survives in Chinese and Tibetan translations, with several passages of the Sanskrit version preserved as quotations in later commentaries. It has been regarded as an authoritative canonical source throughout the intellectual history of Mahāyāna Buddhism, but scant scholarly attention has been paid to this important text. Thus, this paper aims to provide a concise yet comprehensive introduction of the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā, including its textual history, its basic structure, and its reception in Indian, Tibetan, and East Asian Buddhist traditions. It also examines how the fundamental concepts of Mahāyāna Buddhism, such as emptiness, endlessness, and imperishability, are signified in the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā by the image of the sky (Skt. gagana), the central metaphor of the text.

Classical Mereology

The aim of this chapter is to provide a comprehensive introduction to classical mereology. It examines this theory by providing a clear and perspicuousaxiom system that isolates several important elements of any mereological theory. The chapter examines, algebraic, and set-theoretic models of classical mereology, sketching proofs of their equivalence. The new axiom system facilitates algebraic comparisons, showing that models of these axioms are complete Boolean algebras without a bottom element. Then set-theoretic models are presented, and are shown to satisfy the axioms. The chapter explains the important relationship between models and powersets, and the role of Stone’s Representation Theorem in this connection. Finally, a number of significant rival axiom systems using different mereological primitives are introduced.

Should I Install LaTeX , MiKTeX or TexStudio?

In various guises, this is a common question, seemingly innocent, but actually betraying a fundamental confusion about LaTeX directory, and the levels of operation in the TeX World; concepts, distributions, distributions, variants and the TeX family and friends (i.e., users, contributors, dependent and extended language & softwares). TeX is a typesetting language developed by Donald E. Kunth, today’s worldwide de facto standard for high quality document typesetting. LateX is a Tex based typesetting system and collection of macros for document compilation and publication - not a word processor. MiKTeX is a compiler and an Windows O/S based TeX/LaTeX distributions. The purpose of this read is to clear the confusion and give a comprehensive introduction to the World of LaTeX, hence provide information and technical bases for anyone, authors including academias to choose between LaTeX/Tex distributions to install given the features of the offered LaTeX engines and Compilers needed by their project or document typesetting. This fills the gaps in knowledge and literature, aside numerous plagiarized blogs , confusing articles (as learning latex itself) , confusing articles (as learning latex itself) and guidelines relating to scientific typesetting, LaTeX distributions, .tex editors, LaTeX distributions, .tex editors, Latex2e, LaTeX3 and the the LaTeX family.

Synthesis of equilibria in infinite-duration

In this survey, we propose a comprehensive introduction to game theory applied to computer-aided synthesis. We study multi-player turn-based infinite-duration games played on a finite directed graph such that each player aims at maximizing a payoff function. We present the well-known notions of Nash equilibrium and subgame perfect equilibrium, as well as interesting strategy profiles of players as response to the strategy announced by a specific player. We provide classical and recent results about the related threshold synthesis problem.

The Survival Force of Literature

The following review article brings a presentation of the published in 2018 encyclopaedia of Czech literary samizdat. The analysed publication consists of two parts – a comprehensive introduction discussing the question of independent literary culture in Czechoslovakia under communist regime pressure and an entry section with more than 300 entries about Czech independent self-publishing activities. The presentation of the following book provokes the need to re-examine the phenomenon of Czech samizdat, reflecting on its chronological framework, definition, meaning and role in creating and keeping alive an independent culture in the era of domination of the communist regime (1948–1989).