Influence of microphone characteristics on demodulated sound measurement in near field of parametric loudspeaker

This study evaluates the accuracy of demodulated sound measurements using a condenser microphone in the near field of a parametric loudspeaker system. Microphones with different sensitivities placed at incidence angles of 0° and 90° were used to measure demodulation frequency components without special acoustic filters. The measured components were compared with theoretical predictions. The results show that the measured sound pressure using microphones placed at 0° was up to several tens of decibels larger than the theoretical predictions and significantly inaccurate in the near field. This was due to the nonlinear response of the microphone, which had high sensitivity at primary sound frequencies, inducing spurious signals. This result suggests that using a microphone with low sensitivity at primary sound frequencies placed at an appropriate angle that reduces sensitivity improves parametric sound measurement accuracy.

Verification of a measurement of international managers’ mindset

Purpose This paper aims to replicate and expand an earlier study that constructed a measurement of international managers’ mindset. Design/methodology/approach The paper used a test-retest statistical analysis to determine the reliability of the index of the managerial mindset developed by Fatehi and Ghadar (2014). Findings The study showed that the index is a sound measurement. It has good content validity. Its reliability is excellent. Both overall measure and item by item test of reliability were sound at a 5% significant level. Originality/value The application of Cronbach alpha by Fatehi and Ghadar (2014) indicated that the index was reliable. However, recently some scholars have expressed their concerns about this test to determine psychological indexes’ reliability. Therefore, this replication study applied an alternative reliability test (test-rest). The test-retest application indicated the index’s soundness.

Response to Response

We challenge the view that “one is better than none” on grounds that single-item assessments perpetuate a simplistic view of well-being, which is out of touch with how the field has progressed over recent decades. We also question blanket advocacy for measures in the absence of substantive scientific questions that require thoughtful engagement with the prior literature to make sound measurement choices. Substantive illustrations, invoking research on well-being and health in different cultural and socioeconomic contexts, are provided. Quality control is also essential in making sound measurement choices. Numerous contenders fail at this juncture because they have no conceptual foundation and also lack rigorous psychometric analyses documenting their empirical credibility. Another critical element in adjudicating measurement quality is extent of prior usage: evidence that the measures have taken hold in the scientific community, indicated by citation counts and number of published studies. We conclude that all such quality control criteria were inadequately addressed or missing in the measurement recommendations put forth in Chapter 17.