The use of electrolysis processes in reagent-free water treatment: removal of hydrogen sulfur, organic iron, synthetic surface-active substances

The use of electrotechnical equipment refers to reagent-free methods and makes it possible to simplify the automation schemes for facilities for removing pollutants from aqueous solutions. The article substantiates the approaches and structural diagrams of a reagent-free water purification unit based on the use of electrolysis processes. During the research, the processes of oxidation of pollutants were analyzed when a block of electrochemical action on aqueous solutions was used during processing. A diaphragm cell with an inactive membrane volume of 3.5 liters was used to implement the appropriate reagent-free method for removing pollutants from aqueous solutions. The solution of scientific and practical problems is shown: removal of hydrogen sulfide from water from a well before feeding it to the technological lines of a dairy plant; purification of waste water from an enterprise for the production of gelatinous products from organic iron and related pollutants; reduction of waste water pollutants of a cosmetology enterprise, with a focus on destructive effects on synthetic surfactants. Based on the analysis of the results and treatment modes of three aqueous solutions, the structure of the block of reagent-free electrolysis treatment of aqueous solutions is substantiated. As a result of experimental studies, the prospects of electrical equipment have been confirmed. The reagent-free method will simplify the automation schemes for facilities for removing pollutants from aqueous solutions - accordingly, increase the reliability of such computer-integrated solutions. Further research should be directed to the substantiation, creation and parameterization of mathematical models of combined electrotechnological water treatment complexes. Key words: environmental safety, electrotechnological complex, waste water, reagent-free method, electrolysis processes

Stages of development, improvement and application of equipment for welding in space, created with the participation of Ukrainian scientists

The article is devoted to the historical analysis of development and improvement of electrotechnical equipment that was developed and applied in the USSR to conduct works on welding and related technologies in space in the period from the 60s to the 90s of the last century and to assess the contribution of Ukrainian scientists in this field.

To Russia's energy security given the impact of electromagnetic pulse of the high-altitude nuclear explosion

Subject. Escalating international tensions make nuclear attacks more possible, such as a high-altitude nuclear explosion, which mainly threatens with the electromagnetic pulse. It can destroy modern electrotechnical equipment, especially if it is fitted with microprocessor equipment. Objectives. The study presents considerations on the resilience of infrastructure systems provided they are exposed to the electromagnetic pulse of a high-altitude nuclear explosion. Methods. The study is based on methods of systematization, analysis and comparison. Results. We suggest writing infrastructure system requirements into all regulatory, legislative and legal documents on the energy security and electromagnetic compatibility in case of the electromagnetic pulse of a nuclear explosion. The issue can possible be solved as professionals gather sufficient theoretical, experimental and practical data. We provide the rationale for using properly upgraded testing facilities owned by the Russian Federal Nuclear Centre of Rosatom, and making a special task-force, which could be deal with ensuring the protection of civil targets. Conclusions and Relevance. We provide the rationale for field tests of electrical facilities of infrastructure systems, including energized ones and having different load. As a result of such field test, it will be possible to determine whether the existing (and future) protective facilities and systems are efficiently used to ensure the resilience of electrotechnical equipment to the electromagnetic impulse of a high-altitude nuclear explosion, deliberate destructive effects of powerful electromagnetic generators, lightning overvoltage.