Collection of the genus Cotinus Mill. in the National dendrological park “Sofiyivka” of NAS of Ukraine

Intr0ducti0n. Green plantations in Ukraine require optimization of species, shape and varietal composition of ornamental plants. These include the genus Cotinus Mill. one of the oldest genera of angiosperms of the Sumac family (Anacardiaceae Lindl.). Matcrials and mcth0ds. The species and varietal composition of the Cotinus collection of the Sofiyivka National Dendrological Park of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine was studied. Morphological fea- tures of collectibles of the genus Cotinus were studied according to generally accepted methods. Rcsults and discussi0n. In he collection of the National Arboretum “Sofiyivka” of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine two species and 4 cultivars of the genus Cotinus were tested and studied, namely: C. obovatus Raf., C. coggygria Scop., C. coggygria ‘Royal Purple’, C. coggygria ‘Purpureus’, C. coggygria ‘Young Lady, C. coggygria ‘Golden Spirit’. According to our research, all members of the genus Cotinus winter-, frost-resistant, as well as drought-resistant plants. They have satisfactory growth and bloom and bear fruit annually. C0nclusi0ns. Thus, the collection of plants of NDP “Sofiyivka” includes a valuable fund of genetic resources of the genus Cotinus, which is used mainly as a mother plant for the reproduction of ornamental forms that are in demand in the market of seedlings.

Językowo-stylistyczna kreacja rodziców w Pamiętniku Wacławy Elizy Orzeszkowej

Pamiętnik Wacławy by E. Orzeszkowa is a novel presenting the fate of a young woman in a twofold reality: at first, it is assigned to the drawing room and social life; then, in the second stage, to a study. An important role in the linguistic creation of Wacława’s fate is played by the parents: mother – the parlor lady, father – researcher, university professor. The construction of these characters reflects the two different worlds that a young woman explores in order to ultimately choose the latter. The language (style, lexis, syntax) corresponds with the creation of Wacława as a spoiled miss (in the first volume) and a mature young lady (in the second volume).

An ‘Evil State’

This chapter reflects on a 'copy of an intercepted and deciphered letter exchanged between one of the Queen of Bohemia's ladies in waiting, and her cousin, a young lady in England'. It is difficult not to read the letter as implicit criticism of the excesses enjoyed by the two courts in The Hague. The satire is directed at the leading ladies of these courts, and the military commanders infatuated with them, while the common soldiers died in their droves at Breda and beyond for lack of food, with neither Frederick V nor Frederick Henry able to intervene. The fact that there is little evidence that any such 'progress' ever took place merely adds to this feeling, as does the care with which the author appears to have hidden their identity. Though a fabrication, it nevertheless fits the general movement of Elizabeth Stuart's life very closely, as it moves from the deceptive frivolity of the court to the deathly earnestness of the military campaign without pausing to take so much as a breath. Thus, it appears that in some quarters, Elizabeth was held to blame for the dire state of Mansfeld's troops and the disaster that followed at Breda.