Methods for Mesh Implantation Efficacy Assessment in Rectocele

Aim. A methodological review on mesh implantation efficacy assessment in surgery for rectocele.Key points. Specialised quiz surveys are among the most appropriate methods to assess surgical intervention efficacy. The questionnaires that enable pre- and postsurgery rectocele grading include PFDI-20 (Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory), the colonic evacuation disorder scale and Cleveland Constipation Scoring System. These surveys determine the surgical intervention efficacy dynamically in conjunction with instrumental surgery assessment techniques.Conclusion. Clinical practice at the Ryzhikh National Medical Research Centre for Coloproctology combines the originally developed colonic evacuation disorder scale (2003) and PFDI-20. The combined scales allow for a comprehensive symptom assessment in patients with rectocele and other descending perineum syndrome manifestations prior to surgery, as well as symptom dynamics evaluation postoperatively, which, in link with defecography, enables a complete appraisal of the surgical effect.

Constipation

This review presents an overview of the management of constipation. The review addresses the diagnosis of primary and secondary forms and then discusses in greater detail the investigative workup and modern management of chronic constipation (primary). The review addresses what simple and more advanced investigations are relevant for determining pathophysiology and gives an overview of treatment options, including pharmacologic, behavioral, and surgical approaches for thus defined subgroups of patients (evacuation disorder, slow transit constipation). This review contains 3 figures, 6 tables, and 89 references.

The nurse’s role in the effectiveness of dispensary management of young infants. A nurse and her assistance to an infant, family and doctor with correction of the functional intestinal colic during the first months of life

The article presents the main variants of functional gastrointestinal disorders in young infants - posseting, evacuation disorder, intestinal infantile colic, clinical features, modern view on the causes and methods for correction of these conditions (step-bystep methods to alleviate the pain syndrome). It also describes the manipulation methods that help with these conditions (inserting a flatus tube, cleansing enema in infants), as well as the basic principles for counselling and education of parents.

Constipation

This review presents an overview of the management of constipation. The review addresses the diagnosis of primary and secondary forms and then discusses in greater detail the investigative workup and modern management of chronic constipation (primary). The review addresses what simple and more advanced investigations are relevant for determining pathophysiology and gives an overview of treatment options, including pharmacologic, behavioral, and surgical approaches for thus defined subgroups of patients (evacuation disorder, slow transit constipation). This review contains 3 figures, 6 tables, and 89 references.