Visible Human Project® female surface based computational phantom (Nelly) for radio-frequency safety evaluation in MRI coils

Quantitative modeling of specific absorption rate and temperature rise within the human body during 1.5 T and 3 T MRI scans is of clinical significance to ensure patient safety. This work presents justification, via validation and comparison, of the potential use of the Visible Human Project (VHP) derived Computer Aided Design (CAD) female full body computational human model for non-clinical assessment of female patients of age 50–65 years with a BMI of 30–36 during 1.5 T and 3 T based MRI procedures. The initial segmentation validation and four different application examples have been identified and used to compare to numerical simulation results obtained using VHP Female computational human model under the same or similar conditions. The first application example provides a simulation-to-simulation validation while the latter three application examples compare with measured experimental data. Given the same or similar coil settings, the computational human model generates meaningful results for SAR, B1 field, and temperature rise when used in conjunction with the 1.5 T birdcage MRI coils or at higher frequencies corresponding to 3 T MRI. Notably, the deviation in temperature rise from experiment did not exceed 2.75° C for three different heating scenarios considered in the study with relative deviations of 10%, 25%, and 20%. This study provides a reasonably systematic validation and comparison of the VHP-Female CAD v.3.0–5.0 surface-based computational human model starting with the segmentation validation and following four different application examples.

Vector 3D Reconstruction of the Nerves of the Ventral Region of the Neck from Anatomical Sections of Korean Visible Human at the Laboratory of Digital Anatomy of Paris Descartes

Objective: To carry out a 3D vector reconstruction of the nerves of the ventral region of the neck from anatomical sections of the “Korean Visible Human” for educational purposes. Materials and Methods: The anatomical subject was a 33-year-old Korean man who died of leukemia. He was 164cm tall and weighed 55kgs. A cryomacrotome sectioned the frozen body into 5960 sections. Sections numbered 1500 to 2000 were used for this study. A segmentation by manual contouring of each nervous anatomical element of the ventral region of the neck was done using Winsurf version 3.5 software on a laptop PC running Windows 10 equipped with an 8 gigabyte RAM. Results: Our vector 3D model of nerves in the ventral neck region includes the brachial plexuses, vagus nerves, inferior and superior laryngeal nerves, glossopharyngeal nerves, hypoglossal nerves and spinal nerves. This vector model has been integrated into the Diva3d virtual dissection table. It was also uploaded to the Sketchfab website and 3D printed using an ENDER 3 printer. Conclusion: Our 3D reconstruction of the nerves of the ventral region of the neck is an educational tool for learning the nerves of the ventral region of the neck and can also serve as a 3D atlas for simulation purposes for training in therapeutic gestures.

Vector 3D Reconstruction of the Nerves of the Ventral Region of the Neck from Anatomical Sections of Korean Visible Human at the Laboratory of Digital Anatomy of Paris Descartes

Objective: To carry out a 3D vector reconstruction of the nerves of the ventral region of the neck from anatomical sections of the “Korean Visible Human” for educational purposes. Materials and Methods: The anatomical subject was a 33-year-old Korean man who died of leukemia. He was 164cm tall and weighed 55kgs. A cryomacrotome sectioned the frozen body into 5960 sections. Sections numbered 1500 to 2000 were used for this study. A segmentation by manual contouring of each nervous anatomical element of the ventral region of the neck was done using Winsurf version 3.5 software on a laptop PC running Windows 10 equipped with an 8 gigabyte RAM. Results: Our vector 3D model of nerves in the ventral neck region includes the brachial plexuses, vagus nerves, inferior and superior laryngeal nerves, glossopharyngeal nerves, hypoglossal nerves and spinal nerves. This vector model has been integrated into the Diva3d virtual dissection table. It was also uploaded to the Sketchfab website and 3D printed using an ENDER 3 printer. Conclusion: Our 3D reconstruction of the nerves of the ventral region of the neck is an educational tool for learning the nerves of the ventral region of the neck and can also serve as a 3D atlas for simulation purposes for training in therapeutic gestures.

Pictorial Review of Normal Pericardial Structures •

SUMMARYThe pericardial cavity, sinuses, and recesses are frequently depicted on Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance (MR).We here review the normal human pericardial structures as provided by MR imaging of young, healthy subject and CT scans acquired after iatrogenic coronary dissection. We compared such radiological information with cadaveric axial and sagittal sections of the human body provided by the Visible Human Server (VHS), Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lousanne (EPFL), Switzerland.