scholarly journals Pictorial Review of Normal Pericardial Structures •

Imaging ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesare Mantini ◽  
Francesco Corradi ◽  
Domenico Mastrodicasa ◽  
Luca Procaccini ◽  
Marzia Olivieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Pericardial Cavity ◽  
Pictorial Review ◽  
Young Healthy Subject ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
École Polytechnique ◽  
Visible Human

SUMMARYThe pericardial cavity, sinuses, and recesses are frequently depicted on Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance (MR).We here review the normal human pericardial structures as provided by MR imaging of young, healthy subject and CT scans acquired after iatrogenic coronary dissection. We compared such radiological information with cadaveric axial and sagittal sections of the human body provided by the Visible Human Server (VHS), Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lousanne (EPFL), Switzerland.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography Scan in Young Athletes With Spondylolysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 671-676
Author(s):  
Amy M. West ◽  
Pierre A. d’Hemecourt ◽  
Olivia J. Bono ◽  
Lyle J. Micheli ◽  
Dai Sugimoto
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
False Negative ◽  
False Negative Rate ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Negative Rate

The objective of this study was to determine diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans in young athletes diagnosed with spondylolysis. A cross-sectional study was used. Twenty-two young athletes (14.7 ± 1.5 years) were diagnosed as spondylolysis based on a single-photon emission CT. Following the diagnosis, participants underwent MRI and CT scan imaging tests on the same day. The sensitivity and false-negative rate of the MRI and CT scans were analyzed. MRI test confirmed 13 (+) and 9 (−) results while CT test showed 17 (+) and 5 (−) results. The sensitivity and false-negative rate of MRI were, respectively, 59.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 36.7% to 78.5%) and 40.9% (95% CI = 21.5% to 63.3%). Furthermore, the sensitivity and false-negative rate of CT scan were 77.3% (95% CI = 54.2% to 91.3%) and 22.7% (95% CI = 0.09% to 45.8%). Our results indicated that CT scan is a more accurate imaging modality to diagnose spondylolysis compared with MRI in young athletes.

scholarly journals Additional Diagnostic Value of Unenhanced Computed Tomography plus Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Combined with Routine Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of Early-Stage Gliblastoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Hexiang Wang ◽  
Zhenyou Liu ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Feng Hou ◽  
Weiwei Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Hyperintense Lesion ◽  
Unenhanced Ct ◽  
Unenhanced Computed Tomography

Purpose. This study was performed to determine whether diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) plus unenhanced computed tomography (CT) of the brain increases the diagnostic value of routine magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings of early-stage glioblastoma. Methods. Postcontrast MR images of eight unenhanced lesions that had been pathologically diagnosed as glioblastoma were retrospectively examined. The location, margin, signal intensity, and attenuation on MR imaging and CT were assessed. Results. On MR imaging, all lesions were ill-defined, small, and isointense to hypointense on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images. Four patients had perilesional edema. In seven patients, DWI showed an inhomogeneous hyperintense lesion (n = 1) or isointense lesion with a hyperintense region (n = 6). On unenhanced CT, all masses presented as a hypoattenuated lesion with a hyperattenuated region (n = 7) or isoattenuated region (n = 1). The hyperattenuated region (n = 6) or isoattenuated region (n = 1) on CT appeared on DWI as an inhomogeneous hyperintense lesion (n = 1), isointense lesion with a hyperintense region (n = 3), or ring-like peritumoral hyperintensity (n = 3). Conclusions. MR imaging was the most sensitive imaging method for depicting early-stage glioblastoma. The CT finding of a hyperattenuated or isoattenuated region combined with the DWI finding of the same region containing an inhomogeneous hyperintense lesion or isointense lesion with a hyperintense region may be a specific diagnostic sign for early-stage glioblastoma. DWI plus unenhanced CT added diagnostic value to the routine MR imaging findings of early-stage glioblastoma.

scholarly journals Multifocal Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumour with Intradural Spinal Cord Lipomas: Report of a Case

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. White ◽  
Avinash K. Kanodia ◽  
Esther M. Sammler ◽  
John N. Brunton ◽  
Craig A. Heath
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
History Of ◽  
Thoracic Cord ◽  
Brown Sequard Syndrome

We report a case of temporal lobe epilepsy and incomplete Brown-Sequard syndrome of the thoracic cord. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showed multiple supratentorial masses with the classical radiological appearances of multifocal dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour (DNET). Spinal MR imaging revealed intradural lipomas, not previously reported in association with multifocal DNET. Presentation and imaging findings are discussed along with classification and natural history of the tumour.

Dural damage due to a loosened hydroxyapatite intraspinous spacer after spinous process–splitting laminoplasty

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Ono ◽  
Toru Yokoyama ◽  
Takuya Numasawa ◽  
Kanichiro Wada ◽  
Satoshi Toh
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Nerve Root ◽  
Spinous Process ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Dural Sac ◽  
Neck And Shoulder Pain ◽  
Axial Pain

✓Excellent results from laminoplasty for cervical spinal myelopathy have been reported in many studies. Nevertheless, C-5 nerve root palsy or axial pain such as neck and shoulder pain after laminoplasty are known postoperative complications. To the authors' knowledge, dural damage from dislocation of the hydroxyapatite intraspinous spacer due to absorption of the tip of the spinous process has not been reported. Two cases of dural damage from dislocation of the hydroxyapatite intraspinous spacer after laminoplasty are described. Radiographs, computed tomography myelography, and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed the dislocation of the hydroxyapatite intraspinous spacer, the absorption of the tip of the spinous process, and dural sac compression due to the hydroxyapatite intraspinous spacer. In one patient, the MR imaging studies revealed liquorrhea around the hydroxyapatite intraspinous spacers. Both patients underwent removal of the hydroxyapatite intraspinous spacer and attained good neurological recovery. In patients with dislocation of the hydroxyapatite intraspinous spacer associated with absorption of the tip of the spinous process after spinous process–splitting laminoplasty, each case should be evaluated for aggravating symptoms of myelopathy, dural damage, and liquorrhea around the spacer.

scholarly journals Adrenal Lesions: Spectrum of Imaging Findings with Emphasis on Multi-Detector Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonino Guerrisi ◽  
Daniele Marin ◽  
Mahbubeh Baski ◽  
Pietro Guerrisi ◽  
Federica Capozza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Hormonal Stimulation ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Adrenal Masses ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Complementary Techniques ◽  
Multi Detector Computed Tomography

The adrenal gland is a common site of a large spectrum of abnormalities like primary tumors, hemorrhage, metastases, and enlargement of the gland from external hormonal stimulation. Most of these lesions represent nonfunctioning adrenal adenomas and thus warrant a conservative management. Multi-detector computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are still considered highly specific and complementary techniques for the detection and characterization of adrenal abnormalities. Radiologist can establish a definitive diagnosis for most adrenal masses (i.e., carcinoma, hemorrhage) based on imaging alone. Imaging therefore can differentiate malignant lesions from those benign and avoid unnecessary aggressive management of benign lesions. The article gives an overview of the adrenal lesions and their imaging characteristics seen on CT and MR imaging.

scholarly journals GP access to MRI: the Australian reality

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Owen M Bradfield
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Ongoing Dialogue

Twelve months ago, the Australian Medical Association (AMA) called upon the Federal Labor Government to implement a previous coalition policy allowing general practitioners to directly refer patients for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the knee and brain. To support their position, the AMA commissioned a University of Sydney report evaluating the health care and economic outcomes of the policy. The AMA reported that the results supported the policy and would result in a $42 million saving from fewer computed tomography (CT) scans and fewer specialist referrals and consultations. Arguably, this was not an accurate portrayal of the results. Further research is needed, and ongoing dialogue with radiologists and other key stakeholders is urged, to ensure that access to MRI facilities will continue to meet future demand and that GPs will be adequately trained in utilising MRI services.

Inguinoscrotal Pathology on Computed Tomography: An Alternative Perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Daimiel Naranjo ◽  
Andrea Alcalá-Galiano Rubio
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Pelvic Trauma ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Contrast Resolution ◽  
Alternative Perspective ◽  
Pictorial Review ◽  
Tissue Contrast ◽  
Testicular Injury

Computed tomography (CT) is not the imaging technique of choice to assess inguinoscrotal pathology, as magnetic resonance or ultrasonography have superior soft tissue contrast resolution and do not involve gonadal exposure to ionizing radiation. However, testicular and inguinoscrotal pathology may be found both as an extension of intra-abdominal processes or incidentally on CT scans requested for other reasons. CT also plays a role in the evaluation of testicular injury when associated to pelvic trauma and in perineal infections with scrotal extension. A pictorial review of testicular and inguinoscrotal involvement in vascular, neoplastic, traumatic, infectious, or inflammatory diseases and in complications of abdominal surgeries is presented. Additionally, the CT appearance of several congenital anomalies and benign processes is depicted.

Quantitative Analysis of the Far-Lateral, Supra-Articular Transcondylar Transtubercular Approach Using Cadaveric Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. E498-E509
Author(s):  
Toshiaki Kodera ◽  
Ayumi Akazawa ◽  
Shinsuke Yamada ◽  
Hiroshi Arai ◽  
Takahiro Yamauchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Lateral Approach ◽  
Working Space ◽  
Far Lateral Approach ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fusion Images ◽  
Far Lateral

Abstract BACKGROUND Removing the jugular tubercle (JT) is regarded as an important step in the far-lateral approach; however, few cadaveric studies have objectively evaluated it. OBJECTIVE To quantitatively analyze the effect of JT removal in the far-lateral approach, using cadaveric computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. METHODS The far-lateral, supra-articular transcondylar transtubercular approach was employed on 23 sides of 13 formalin-fixed cadaveric heads. CT bone images were obtained before and after JT removal, and MR images were obtained before dissection and were merged with the CT bone images. The angles of attack used to approach the ventral region of the medulla, the distances between the medulla and the bony structure, and the volume of the paramedullary space were measured at the level of the JT on axial CT-MR fusion images. The values obtained after JT removal were compared with those obtained before JT removal. RESULTS All evaluated values were significantly increased after JT removal, including the angle of attack at the level of the JT (29.8 ± 7.4° vs 58.2 ± 15.5°, P < .001), the distance between the olive and the JT (6.4 ± 2.0 mm vs 9.5 ± 5.0 mm, P = .01), and the volume of the space around the medulla (0.28 ± 0.04 cm3 vs 0.47 ± 0.09 cm3, P < .001). CONCLUSION The paramedullary surgical working space widened by JT removal was quantitatively demonstrated in the cadaveric CT and MR imaging study. The measurement methods in this study can be applied to clinical cases and other skull base cadaveric studies.

scholarly journals Fatty Images of the Heart: Spectrum of Normal and Pathological Findings by Computed Tomography and Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Cannavale ◽  
Marco Francone ◽  
Nicola Galea ◽  
Francesco Vullo ◽  
Antonio Molisso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia ◽  
Interatrial Septum ◽  
Clinical Consequence ◽  
Thoracic Imaging ◽  
Postmyocardial Infarction ◽  
Pictorial Review

Ectopic cardiac fatty images are not rarely detected incidentally by computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance, or by exams focused on the heart as in general thoracic imaging evaluations. A correct interpretation of these findings is essential in order to recognize their normal or pathological meaning, focusing on the eventually associated clinical implications. The development of techniques such as computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance allowed a detailed detection and evaluation of adipose tissue within the heart. This pictorial review illustrates the most common characteristics of cardiac fatty images by computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance, in a spectrum of normal and pathological conditions ranging from physiological adipose images to diseases presenting with cardiac fatty foci. Physiologic intramyocardial adipose tissue may normally be present in healthy adults, being not related to cardiac affections and without any clinical consequence. However cardiac fatty images may also be the expression of various diseases, comprehending arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, postmyocardial infarction lipomatous metaplasia, dilated cardiomyopathy, and lipomatous hypertrophy of the interatrial septum. Fatty neoplasms of the heart as lipoma and liposarcoma are also described.

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