Dynamics of Developing Food and Customer Goods Delivery Market During Last Three Years

Global pandemic of the corona-virus infection caused serious changes in economy of all countries of the world having brought many sectors of market to the deadlock. Food and customer goods are essential for life and health of people everywhere and in the Russian Federation as well. Delivery of orders made by the Internet became a retail trend in 2020, as the Internet during the quarantine was the only channel of safe sale. On-line retail sale of food and customer goods became very convenient for customers, thus it is necessary to search for ways of its support and optimization. The key goal of the research is to find out the most efficient method aimed at optimization of food and customer goods on-line retail market in today’s conditions. To reach this goal the author used the analytical method of research. On the basis of statistics the fundamental line in optimizing food on-line retail and delivery in it was identified – Dark stores. The author shows main advantages of introducing this method of optimization and estimates figures for the future.

Mitgliedschaftseingriff und Normprägung

The book analyses a commonly used line of argument, known as “infringement of shareholder rights”. Courts and legal literature try to derive specific, unwritten legal consequences from an infringement of shareholder rights, such as, for example, the material control of the general assembly’s resolutions and unwritten responsibilities of the general assembly in company law or the so-called doctrine of a “core area” of shareholder rights. This line of argument supposes that legislators and the parties of a shareholder agreement may infringe shareholder rights by drafting deficient statutory or contractual rules. To the contrary, statutory and contractual rules define the substance of shareholder rights. Following the well-known doctrine stating that fundamental rights are defined by statutory law [“normgeprägte Grundrechte”] shareholder rights could be described as “normgeprägte Rechte” [rights defined by statutory law]. Therefore, a fundamental line of argument in company law is revealed to be a striking misconception, whose methodical consequences are to be analysed in detail.

Submerged Urlinien, Shadow Urlinien, and Urlinie Play in the Left-Hand Melody Piece

Piano pieces with the principal melody in the left hand pose interesting challenges for Schenkerian analysis, which generally favors outer voices for the components of the Ursatz. In the left-hand melody piece, the accompaniment is positioned above the melody, and bass lines may not be literally present. Middleground sketches of such pieces often featured a submerged Urlinie, which is a fundamental line that is positioned in an inner voice of the work’s texture (after Schachter 1994). These pieces also quite frequently involve “shadow Urlinien,” which are potentially viable fundamental lines in an upper voice that are perceptually weaker than Urlinien positioned in the principal melodic register. “Urlinie play” describes the analytical and phenomenological interplay between two potential fundamental lines, such as a submerged Urlinie and a shadow Urlinie. The analyses in this article examine aspects of Urlinie play in left-hand melody pieces by Schumann, Massenet, Beethoven, and Chopin, and describe that play in terms of four narrative categories: shadowing, role reversion, denial, and competition.

Line Rogue Waves in the Mel’nikov Equation

General line rogue waves in the Mel’nikov equation are derived via the Hirota bilinear method, which are given in terms of determinants whose matrix elements have plain algebraic expressions. It is shown that fundamental rogue waves are line rogue waves, which arise from the constant background with a line profile and then disappear into the constant background again. By means of the regulation of free parameters, two subclass of nonfundamental rogue waves are generated, which are called as multirogue waves and higher-order rogue waves. The multirogue waves consist of several fundamental line rogue waves, which arise from the constant background and then decay back to the constant background. The higher-order rogue waves start from a localised lump and retreat back to it. The dynamical behaviours of these line rogue waves are demonstrated by the density and the three-dimensional figures.

Be X-RAY TRANSIENT 4U 0115+63 IN 2008 OUTBURST

We present both timing and spectral analysis of the outburst of 4U 0115+63 in 2008 with INTEGRAL and RXTE observations. We have determined the spin period of the neutron star at ~ 3.61422 ± 0.00011 s, and a spin up rate during the outburst of Ṗ = (-2.66 ± 1.81) × 10-6s d-1, the angle of periapsis ω = 49.6° ± 0.68° in 2008 and its variation (apsidal motion) [Formula: see text] when comparing with previous measured values. During the outburst, four cyclotron absorption lines were detected (fundamental line at 10–15 keV; 2nd harmonic at 22 keV; 3rd at ~ 34 keV, 4th at ~ 42 keV), the fifth harmonic around 54 keV was also hinted in our data. The fundamental absorption line energy varies during the outburst: around 15 keV during the rising phase, and transiting to ~ 10 keV during the peak of the outburst, and further coming back to ~ 15 keV during the decreasing phase. The photon index shows the correlation with the fundamental line energy: the source becomes harder around the peak of the outburst and softer in both rising and decreasing phases. This correlation and transition processes during the outburst need further studies in both observations and theoretical work.