A Comparison Between a Solid Block Made of Concrete and Others Made of Different Composite Materials

In this research, three mathematical models were designed, the first consisting of concrete, the second from carbon fiber, and the third from s-glass fiber, in order to compare the strength of composite materials to different stresses and deformations, because composite materials are better than concrete in terms of weight and shape and do not need to be applied to painting operations in addition to the fact that their thermal insulation is higher than Concrete in high proportions. From the results of the comparison, it was found that the second model was the best model in terms of bearing deformations, as the deformation percentage in it did not exceed the deformation of concrete a lot, reaching (17%), which is a very small percentage, and the stresses towards pregnancy for the second and third models were much better than the bearing of the first model, but the results indicate that the Von Mises Stress in the second model is higher than the first model by a percentage (57%), while the comparison of the third model with the first was the rate of increase percentage (47%).

Entropy generation in MHD free convection of nanoliquid within a square open chamber with a solid body

Purpose The study aims to investigate magnetohydrodynamics thermal convection energy transference and entropy production in an open chamber saturated with ferrofluid having an isothermal solid block. Design/methodology/approach Analysis of thermal convection phenomenon was performed for an open chamber saturated with a nanofluid having an isothermal solid unit placed inside the cavity with various aspect ratios. The left border temperature is kept at Tc. An external cooled nanofluid of fixed temperature Tc penetrates into the domain from the right open border. The nanofluid circulation is Newtonian, incompressible, and laminar. The uniform magnetic field of strength B at the tilted angle of γ is applied. The finite volume technique is used to work out the non-linear equations of liquid motion and energy transport. For Rayleigh number (Ra=1e+7), numerical simulations were executed for varying the solid volume fractions of the nanofluid (ϕ = 0.01–0.04), the aspect ratios of a solid body (As = 0.25–4), the Hartmann number (Ha = 0–100), the magnetic influence inclination angle (γ = 0–π/2) and the non-dimensional temperature drop (Ω = 0.001–0.1) on the liquid motion, heat transference and entropy production. Findings Numerical outcomes are demonstrated by using isolines of temperature and stream function, profiles of mean Nusselt number and entropy generations. The results indicate that the entropy generation rate and mean Nu can be decreased with an increase in Ha. The inner solid block of As = 0.25 reflects the maximum heat transfer rate in comparison with other considered blocks. The addition of nano-sized particles results in a growth of energy transport and mean entropy generations. Originality/value An efficient computational technique has been developed to solve natural convection problem for an open chamber. The originality of this research is to scrutinize the convective transport and entropy production in an open domain with inner body. The outcomes would benefit scientists and engineers to become familiar with the investigation of convective energy transference and entropy generation in open chambers with inner bodies, and the way to predict the energy transference strength in the advanced engineering systems.

Building Eco-Blocks through the Use of Solid Waste

India is buried under waste stacks as more than 1.50 lakhs ofsolid waste (MT) per day is produced. Worse, nearly 90% of the total volume is collected (135,000 tonnes daily). Almost 15,000 MT of waste remains exposed each day, which leads to a "severe" amount of contamination of some 55 lakh of MT of solid waste disposed of each year in open surface. Just 20% (27 000 tonnes per day) of the total waste collected and 80% (1 08 000 tonnes per day) was disposed of. The remaining 80% is disposed of on site. Progress in the management of solid waste has resulted in materials that replace conventional materials, including bricks, blocks,tiles, aggregates, ceramics, cement, lime, soil, timber and paint. In this research, Eco blocks are generated using waste materials like fly-ash and waste using aggregates of cement and yard. It optimizes materials with various combinations and defines the compression strength of the eco-blocks. Days of 7.71, 5.8 and 9.10 N/mm2 are compressive strengths of 14 and 28. The strength of ecological blocks is equal to or above that of the local company’s regular concrete blocks. The study showed that solid waste can be used for solid block processing. We also analyzed how debris can be recycled to find an alternative to reduce natural resource costs and use.

Building Eco-Blocks through the Use of Solid Waste

India is buried under waste stacks as more than 1.50 lakhs ofsolid waste (MT) per day is produced. Worse, nearly 90% of the total volume is collected (135,000 tonnes daily). Almost 15,000 MT of waste remains exposed each day, which leads to a “severe” amount of contamination of some 55 lakh of MT of solid waste disposed of each year in open surface. Just 20% (27 000 tonnes per day) of the total waste collected and 80% (1 08 000 tonnes per day) was disposed of. The remaining 80% is disposed of on site. Progress in the management of solid waste has resulted in materials that replace conventional materials, including bricks, blocks,tiles, aggregates, ceramics, cement, lime, soil, timber and paint. In this research, Eco blocks are generated using waste materials like fly-ash and waste using aggregates of cement and yard. It optimizes materials with various combinations and defines the compression strength of the eco-blocks. Days of 7.71, 5.8 and 9.10 N/mm2 are compressive strengths of 14 and 28. The strength of ecological blocks is equal to or above that of the local company’s regular concrete blocks. The study showed that solid waste can be used for solid block processing. We also analyzed how debris can be recycled to find an alternative to reduce natural resource costs and use

Optimal Conditions of Natural and Mixed Convection in a Vented Rectangular Cavity with a Sinusoidal Heated Wall Inside with a Heated Solid Block

The present investigation deals with the natural, mixed and forced convection in a vented rectangular cavity having a sinusoidal heated vertical wall with a conducting solid block placed at one of the nine positions. The objective is to analyze numerically using finite element method the effects of the following parameters: inlet, outlet positions, solid square positions, thermal coefficient λ, amplitude ratio ɛ, phase deviation ϕ and the solid square size on the thermo-convective flows. The Richardson number is varied from 0 to 40, the Reynolds and Prandtl numbers are fixed respectively at 100 and 0.71. To quantify the heat transfer of the solid block and to get closer to real conditions, we have developed a modification based on the evaluation of the Nusselt number using the average temperature in the cavity, unlike previous works which used the input temperature. As results, the sinusoidal temperature at the right wall gives higher heat transfer enhancement. The variation of the phase deviation and amplitude ratio have a slightly effect on the average fluid temperature and average Nusselt at the right wall and at the square solid.