Fungal diversity inhabited with trees and their conservation in Bukki Top in upper great Himalaya

This investigation was aimed to explore the biodiversity of upper great Himalayas range with special reference to the flora and its conservation. The natural landscape and high altitude meadows (Bugyal) enhanced the beauty of Uttarakhand. Bukki village and Bukki top one of the gorgeous region locate in Uttarkashi district of Uttrakhand state, fall on the opposite side of the national highway NH-108 and connect the Gangotri Glacier via Harsil. The present article is the description of the flora of the Bukki region and, we tried to mainly focus on different fungus species and disease on trees, observed during the trek. Some important fungus species observed are Daldinia concentric, Trichaptum biforme, Fomes fomentarius and Daedalea quercina. We also describe each fungus attributes and habitat distribution description.

Distribution studies on wild mushroom species from district Poonch, Azad Jammu and Kashmir

Present study was carried out in the Poonch District Azad Jammu and Kashmir targeting mushroom special flora found in their natural habitat around the year. Mushrooms were collected, preserved and identified during survey. Mushrooms Pilus lamella, stipe values were measured. The major identified species were Agaricus arvensi, Amanita vaginata, A. fulva, Cantharellus cinereus, Coprinus micaceus, C. comatus, C. domesticus, Cycoperdon perlatum, Daedalea quercina, Helvella crispa, Hygrophuorus melizeus, Lepista nuda, Lactarius turpis, Marasmius alliaceus, Panaeolus campanulatus, Pleurotus ostreatus, Trametes versicolor, and Tricholoma ustaloides.This study reveals mushroom flora and species diversity as important component of the natural environment in District Poonch Azad Jammu and Kashmir.

Partial Characterization of Glycans from Daedalea quercina (L) Fr.

Heteroglycans were extracted and isolated from the fruiting bodies of wild mushroom Daedalea quercina (L) Fr. These were obtained from sequential extraction with hot water, 1% Ammonium oxalate then 5% Sodium hydroxide solution followed by ethanol or acidic precipitation affording crude extracts which were further purified by dialysis membrane (MWCO 12 400). Separation by charge and size were done using DEAE-cellulose column and Sephadex G-100 or Sepharose CL-4B. This resulted to water soluble neutral (W1P-1A) and acidic (W1P-2A) glycan isolates, ammonium oxalate soluble (A1P-1) and two alkali soluble (N1P-1 and N1P-2) glycan isolates. Characterization of the hydrolyzed isolates using HPAEC-PAD and MALDI TOF MS showed glucan-rich heteroglycans (W1P-1A and W1P-2A); glucan and mannan rich heteroglycan, (N1P-1) and galactan-rich heteroglycan (A1P-1). The latter being the first reported galactan-rich glycan found in ammonium oxalate mushroom extract. The hydrolysates had approximately 4-5 degree of polymerization with molecular weights ranging from 689.680 to 851.788 Da. The hydrolysate of isolate N1P-2 is a glucan-rich heteroglycan which also contain N-acetyl glucosamine units. It is composed of polymers with 4-5 hexose units as well as N-acetyl glucosamine containing polymers of 6-8 hexose units with molecular weight range of 689.799 to 851.915 Da and 1055.718 to 1379.584 Da, respectively.

New Records of Lignicolous Fungi from Ratanmahal Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat, India

Thirty species of lignicolous fungi belonging to Ascomycetes and Basidiomycete are reported from the Ratanmahal Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat, India. The new species are Coriolus versicolor, Coriolopsis gallica, Daedalea quercina, F. resupinate, D. unicplor var. hydnoidea, Fomitopsis rosea, Hypodontia comptopsis and Lenzites betulina. F. varigatum is reported for the first time from India. All the species are new to studied area.