Habitat characteristics and utilization of edible wild mushrooms by local communities in the protected forest in Pinrang Regency, Indonesia

This study aims to determine the habitat characteristics and utilization of edible wild mushrooms by local communities in protected forest areas in Pinrang Regency, Indonesia. The study was conducted using observation, survey, interview, and questionnaire methods. The characteristics of the wild mushroom habitat are climate type B, with average rainfall is 2,780.2 mm/year, a temperature of 24-32°C, and relative humidity of 59-82%. In general, a wild mushroom grows on dead wood, especially candlenut (Aleurites moluccana) and mango (Mangifera indica), soil, and litter. There were 18 types of wild mushrooms found in the protected forest areas in Pinrang Regency, namely Termitomyces clypeate, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pycnoporus sanguineus, Tyromyces chioneus, Trametes hirsute, Schizophyllum commune, Lepiota clypeolaria, Lepiota brunneoincarnata, Auricularia auricular, Psavinea, squarrosulus, Leucocoprinus sp., Coprinellus micaceus, Ganoderma lucidum, Oudemansiella mucida. There were 5 types which include edible wild mushrooms that can be consumed by the community as a source of food and medicine, namely Termitomyces clypeatus, Pleurotus ostreatus, Schizophyllum commune, Auricularia auricular, and Pluteus cervinus, and 13 species include non-edible wild mushrooms and some of them are known as poisonous mushrooms.

Distribution of edible, toxic and medicinal wild mushrooms in Europe and Bulgaria

The scientific interest in wild mushrooms continuously increases worldwide. In the present review article, the results from some recent investigations by Bulgarian and foreign authors devoted to the current distribution of some edible, toxic and medicinal wild mushroom species in Bulgaria and some European countries are summarized. Some newly-recognized mushrooms are indicated. The examinations of wild mushroom safety under the conditions of environmental contamination deserve special attention, too. The scientists from European countries and Bulgaria have essential contributions to the field of the mushroom identification and distribution.

Wild Mushroom Diversity of Rairangpur Forest Division, Odisha, India & Its Medicinal Uses

Aims: Rairangpur forest division, Mayurbhanj, Odisha is a hub of diverse floral and faunal species. Apart from flora and fauna, it has a rich diversity of fungal species. The present study highlights the diversity of macro fungi with special reference to its medicinal and economic values available in Rairangpur Forest Division, Odisha. Place and Duration of Study: Field surveys were carried out at regular intervals (Pre monsoon and Post monsoon) in Rairangpur Forest Division during 2019-2020. Results: Mushroom samples were collected and then identified with the help of standard available literatures and books. 99 wild mushroom species belonging to 56 genera of 37 families were noted. Conclusion: It was found that 41 species were edible in which 15 mushrooms were consumed by different tribal communities in the study area. The rest species are poisonous or bitter in taste and further research on them could lead to isolate some bioactive compounds which could be a better preventive against many lethal diseases.

MOLECULAR BASED IDENTIFICATION OF BOLETUS EDULAIS FOUND IN JHARKHAND

Food industry is dynamic and in search of innovation and nutrition content. Nutrition and food supplements demand can be fulfilled by mushroom.Agaricus(Button mushroom), Pleurotus (Oyster mushroom)and Volvariella(Paddy straw mushroom)are only popularly species cultivated and commercialized. There are many other wild mushrooms which can be commercialized with ethnomedicinal and rich nutrition content. In Jharkhand many wild mushroom species are found but they identified with many synonyms.(Srivastava and Soreng 2014) Identification is done on the basis of morphological structures and microscopic study of spores.(Pegler 1981, Wu2014) This study is to identify the wild mushroom locally called as Jamun khukhari through molecular characterization and report molecular data to NCBI GeneBank.

New Reports of Wild Mushroom Diversity from Foothill Region of Uttarakhand

A The present investigation was undertaken in foothill regions of Uttarakhand from July-2016 up to December-2018. A total of thirty four different sites ranging from the roadside areas, grasslands to forests were studied and Mushroom fruiting bodies were collected. A total of One Hundred sixty six fruiting counts were obtained and 68 mushroom genera belonging to 15 orders and 43 families were identified. During collection visits mushroom were apparent from organic debris of diversified habitats ranging from humid soil; grassland; leaf litter; living tree trunk; dead wood log of forest zone. Maximum fruiting bodies (75%) were obtained between July to September and minimum i.e. 6% between November – February. Among the collected mushroom Stereum rugosum, Crepidotus variabilis, Laccaria laccata, Schizophyllum commune, Ganoderma applantum, Cantharellus cibarius were more prevalent. Out of all collected mushroom sample the frequency of Mushroom belonging to order Agaricales was 45.18% followed by Polyporales i.e., 27.7%. The collected mushroom were cultured on PDA medium and their mycelial forms were preserved for further studies.