The Design of Re-Issued Data Memory Circuit Based on Telemetry System

Radio telemetry is used as a major way on monitoring flight test of airplanes. As information transition channel is disturbed or interrupted significantly during the blackout area during flight, the carrier information will not be transmitted normally. However, the airplane data during the blackout period has to be monitored seriously. This issue can be resolved by building re-issued data memory function into a telemetry system. This paper looks at the research of re-issued data memory technology and proposes a new design of re-issued data memory circuit for realizing the negative trigger delay storage of data flow in telemetry system during blackout period. The delayed data in the storage will be transmitted again later. The new designed circuit uses multiple re-issued data memory methods to satisfy the requirements of different telemetry tests and measurements, assuring complete data during airplane flight test.

Portfolio Claustrophobia: Asset Pricing in Markets with Illiquid Assets

Many classes of assets are illiquid or nonmarketable in that they cannot always be traded immediately. Thus, a portfolio position in these becomes at least temporarily irreversible. We study the asset-pricing implications of this type of illiquidity in an exchange economy with heterogeneous agents. In this market, one asset is always liquid. The other asset can be traded initially, but then not again until after a “blackout” period. Illiquidity has a dramatic effect. Agents abandon diversification and choose polarized portfolios instead. The value of liquidity can represent a large portion of the equilibrium price of an asset. (JEL G11, G12)

Hypnosis and Retrieval of Events Stored during Alcohol-Induced Amnesia

Two case studies demonstrate the amnesia for events experienced during alcoholic blackout is state dependent and that blackout material is stored. The problem is retrieving, not recording the events. These case studies show that the forgotten information can be retrieved by the use of hypnosis. Without the use of chemicals, a state similar to alcohol-induced blackout was achieved. Both subjects were regressed to before the blackout and brought forward. The material prior to, during, and beyond the blackout period flowed without interruption. After coming out of hypnosis, the subjects recalled what they had said while hypnotized. They did not recall the blackout experience itself. They were, however, satisfied with the explanation and could then proceed to validate.

Blinking and Thinking

Blinking is related to certain cognitive processes. For example, individuals “punctuate” their speech by blinking between phrases and at the end of sentences. Daydreaming is associated with low rates of blinking. Blinking occurs between fixations and may be timed so as not to interfere with significant visual input. Apparently, blinking occurs at transitions between internal events and is inhibited at other times. In the experiment reported here, blinking was measured while the activity of operational memory was manipulated with mental load kept constant. The rate of blinking was significantly reduced when the cognitive operation of internal counting was being performed. It is inferred that the blink rate is low when information in memory is being operated on. To suspend blinking during certain cognitive activities would be adaptive if blinking disrupts them. Since the blackout period of the blink produces a rapid change in visual level, blinking disrupts those cognitive processes utilizing display areas accessible to visual input. Operational memory and the visual imagination may share components with the visual perceptual system. To protect these vulnerable processes from interference, blinking may be inhibited when they are active.

Effect of Alcohol on Short Term Memory in Alcoholics

Acute alcohol intoxication is commonly followed by partial or total amnesia† for events occurring during the drinking period (Goodwin et al., 1969a). Individuals observed during the ‘blackout’ period have been noted to have a specific short term memory deficit, with remote and immediate memory largely intact (Ryback, 1970; Goodwin et al., 1970; Tamerin et al., 1971). The amnesia appears to be anterograde rather than retrograde, resembling the characteristic memory deficit in Korsakov's syndrome. Speculation has ensued that blackouts and Korsakov's syndrome may share common pathophysiological elements, though there is no direct evidence for this (Goodwin et al., 1969b).