Review of Classical Analytical Results for the Motion of a Rydberg Electron around a Polar Molecule under Magnetic or Electric Fields of Arbitrary Strengths in Axially Symmetric Configurations

We review classical studies of the oscillatory-precessional motion of an electron in the field of an electric dipole (the latter representing the polar molecule) with or without external magnetic or electric fields. The focus is on the most recent studies. In one study (at zero external field), it was shown that, generally, the oscillations being in the meridional direction and the precession being along parallels of latitude can take place on the same time scale—contrary to the statement from the previous literature. In another study, it was shown that a magnetic field enables new ranges of the bound oscillatory-precessional motion of the Rydberg electron and that in one of the new ranges, the period of the θ-oscillations has the non-monotonic dependence on primary parameter of the system. This is a counterintuitive result. In yet another study, it was shown that under the electric field there are two equilibrium circular states of a positive energy and one equilibrium state of a negative energy. The existence of the equilibrium state of the negative energy is a counterintuitive result since at the absence of the field, the bound state was possible only for the zero energy. Thus, it is a counterintuitive result that in this case the electric field can play the role of a stabilizing factor.

2. Water, lipids, and carbohydrates

This chapter discusses some simpler but no less important molecules: water, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleotides. These molecules form the physical structures that bound cells and the medium in which the very chemistry of life takes place. Water’s structure and composition allows it to participate makes it a polar molecule and an astonishingly good solvent. Meanwhile, lipids play three main roles in biochemistry: energy storage, signalling, and structure formation. Finally, carbohydrates provide the fuel that powers cells; they form the scaffolding around which so many structures are built; and they frequently embellish proteins, modifying their behaviours or adding functionality.

Zn(NH3)CO3: A “Three-in-One” UV Nonlinear Optical Crystal Built by Polar Molecule Bonding Strategy

Noncentrosymmetric (NCS) crystals are of great interesting functions like nonlinear optical (NLO) property, but their syntheses are still difficult. Remarkably, polar inorganic molecules often have a Midas touch in process...