DESIGNING A MIMO ANTENNA ARRAY FOR 5G NETWORKS

Рассматривается антенная система для сетей пятого поколения частот 37 ГГц (миллиметровый диапазон радиоволн). Предлагается установка антенны на задней стенке устройства, а излучение радиоволн происходит через стеклянную заднюю панель устройства. Для функционирования в сетях пятого поколения была разработана MIMO антенная решетка, которая состоит из четырех элементов и способна функционировать в «умном» режиме. Благодаря этому возможно формирование луча в антенной системе (beamforming). Для анализа характеристик антенной системы были получены коэффициенты корреляции огибающей, диаграммы направленности, картины электрических полей, получены зависимости эффективной изотропно излучаемой мощности (EIRP), построены графики кумулятивных функций распределения EIRP в линейном и логарифмическом масштабе. Для определения влияния излучения на человека были построены картины удельного коэффициента поглощения (SAR) в соответствии с европейскими нормами на 10 грамм тканей. Все полученные результаты показывают высокую эффективность разработанной конструкции антенной решетки для сетей пятого поколения. Антенные элементы обладают малой взаимной корреляцией, позволяют обеспечить формирование луча, кумулятивные функции распределения показывают высокий уровень покрытия сферы эффективной изотропно излучаемой мощности радиоволнами. Также было показано, что разработанная антенная система обладает малым уровнем удельного коэффициента поглощения, что доказывает безопасность сетей пятого поколения миллиметрового диапазона радиоволн. Развитие современных систем связи позволяет достичь высокой безопасности и эффективности при получении информации The article discusses an antenna system for networks of the fifth generation of 37 GHz frequencies (millimeter-wave radio waves). We propose to install the antenna on the rear wall of the device, radio waves are emitted through the glass rear panel of the device. For functioning in networks of the fifth generation, a MIMO antenna array was developed, which consists of four elements and is capable of functioning in a "smart" mode. This makes it possible to form a beam in the antenna system (beamforming). To analyze the characteristics of the antenna system, we obtained the correlation coefficients of the envelope, directional patterns, patterns of electric fields, the dependences of the effective isotropically radiated power (EIRP), and we plotted the graphs of the cumulative distribution functions of EIRP on a linear and logarithmic scale. To determine the effect of radiation on a person, we built pictures of the specific absorption rate (SAR) in accordance with European standards for 10 grams of tissue. All the results obtained show the high efficiency of the developed design of the antenna array for fifth generation networks. Antenna elements have low cross-correlation, allow for beam formation, cumulative distribution functions show a high level of coverage of the sphere of effective isotropically radiated power by radio waves. We also show that the developed antenna system has a low level of specific absorption coefficient, which proves the safety of fifth-generation networks of millimeter-wave radio waves. The development of modern communication systems makes it possible to achieve high security and efficiency in obtaining information

Properties and Applications of a Tan–G Family of ”Adaptive Functions”

In this note we study some properties of an new TAN–G class of trigonometric cumulative distribution functions proposed by Souza, O. Junior, de Brito, Chesneau, Fernandes and Ferreira [1]. We consider also modified families of ”adaptive functions” with ”polynomial variable transfer” with applications to the Antenna–feeder Analysis. We study the ”saturation” - d in the Hausdorff sense for some special cases of this family. The article discusses only model aspects of the possible application that this new family finds in the above area. The models are very sensitive to the coefficients of the polynomial (respectively the number and location of its zeros). This makes these models attractive for simulations. Numerical examples, illustrating our results using CAS MATHEMATICA are given.

Cylcop: An R Package for Circular-Linear Copulae with Angular Symmetry

The cylcop package extends the copula package to allow modeling of correlated circular-linear random variables using copulae that are symmetric in the circular dimension. We present and derive several new circular-linear copulae with this property and demonstrate how they can be implemented in the cylcop package to model animal movements in discrete time. The package contains methods for estimating copulae parameters, plotting probability density and cumulative distribution functions, and simulating data.

Matrix variate pareto distributions

Matrix variate generalizations of Pareto distributions are proposed. Several properties of these distributions including cumulative distribution functions, characteristic functions and relationship to matrix variate beta type I and matrix variate type II distributions are studied.

Evidence Theory Representations for Properties Associated with Weak Link/strong Link Systems, Part 2: Failure Time and Failure Temperature

The use of evidence theory and associated cumulative plausibility functions (CPFs), cumulative belief functions (CBFs), cumulative distribution functions (CDFs), complementary cumulative plausibility functions (CCPFs), complementary cumulative belief functions (CCBFs), and complementary cumulative distribution functions (CCDFs) in the analysis of loss of assured safety (LOAS) for weak link (WL)/strong link (SL) systems is introduced and illustrated. Article content includes cumulative and complementary cumulative belief, plausibility and probability for (i) time at which LOAS occurs for a 1 WL/2 SL system, (ii) time at which a 2 link system fails, (iii) temperature at which a 2 link system fails, and (iv) temperature at which LOAS occurs for a 1 WL/ 2 SL system. The presented results can be generalized to systems with more than 1 WL and 2 SLs.

Evidence Theory Representations for Properties Associated with Weak Link/strong Link Systems, Part 3: Margins for Failure Time and Failure Temperature

The use of evidence theory and associated cumulative plausibility functions (CPFs), cumulative belief functions (CBFs), cumulative distribution functions (CDFs), complementary cumulative plausibility functions (CCPFs), complementary cumulative belief functions (CCBFs), and complementary cumulative distribution functions (CCDFs) in the analysis of time and temperature margins associated with loss of assured safety (LOAS) for 1 weak link (WL)/2 strong link (SL) systems is illustrated. Article content includes cumulative and complementary cumulative belief, plausibility and probability for (i) SL/WL failure time margins defined by (time at which SL failure potentially causes LOAS) - (time at which WL failure potentially prevents LOAS), (ii) SL/WL failure temperature margins defined by (temperature at which SL failure potentially causes LOAS) - (temperature at which WL failure potentially prevents LOAS), and (iii) SL/SL failure temperature margins defined by (temperature at which SL failure potentially causes LOAS) - (temperature of SL whose failure potentially causes LOAS at the time at which WL failure potentially prevents LOAS).