The Interpersonal Entrainment in Music Performance Data Collection

The Interpersonal Entrainment in Music Performance Data Collection (IEMPDC) comprises six related corpora of music research materials: Cuban Son & Salsa (CSS), European String Quartet (ESQ), Malian Jembe (MJ), North Indian Raga (NIR), Tunisian Stambeli (TS), and Uruguayan Candombe (UC). The core data for each corpus comprises media files and computationally extracted event onset timing data. Annotation of metrical structure and code used in the preparation of the collection is also shared. The collection is unprecedented in size and level of detail and represents a significant new resource for empirical and computational research in music. In this article we introduce the main features of the data collection and the methods used in its preparation. Details of technical validation procedures and notes on data visualization are available as Appendices. We also contextualize the collection in relation to developments in Open Science and Open Data, discussing important distinctions between the two related concepts.

Seasonal calibration of the end-cretaceous Chicxulub impact event

The end-Cretaceous Chicxulub impact triggered Earth’s last mass-extinction, extinguishing ~ 75% of species diversity and facilitating a global ecological shift to mammal-dominated biomes. Temporal details of the impact event on a fine scale (hour-to-day), important to understanding the early trajectory of mass-extinction, have largely eluded previous studies. This study employs histological and histo-isotopic analyses of fossil fish that were coeval with a unique impact-triggered mass-death assemblage from the Cretaceous-Paleogene (KPg) boundary in North Dakota (USA). Patterns of growth history, including periodicity of ẟ18O and ẟ13C and growth band morphology, plus corroborating data from fish ontogeny and seasonal insect behavior, reveal that the impact occurred during boreal Spring/Summer, shortly after the spawning season for fish and most continental taxa. The severity and taxonomic symmetry of response to global natural hazards are influenced by the season during which they occur, suggesting that post-impact perturbations could have exerted a selective force that was exacerbated by seasonal timing. Data from this study can also provide vital hindsight into patterns of extant biotic response to global-scale hazards that are relevant to both current and future biomes.

383. Feasibility of Specimen Self-collection in Young Children Undergoing SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance for In-person Learning

Background While pediatric cases of COVID-19 are at low risk for adverse events, schoolchildren should be considered for surveillance as they can become infected at school and serve as sources of household or community transmission. Our team assessed the feasibility of young children self-collecting SARS-CoV-2 samples for surveillance testing in an educational setting. Methods Students at a K-8 school were tested weekly for SARS-CoV-2 from September 2020 - June 2021. Error rates were collected from September 2020 - January 2021. Clinical staff provided all students with instructions for anterior nares specimen self-collection and then observed them to ensure proper technique. Instructions included holding the sterile swab while making sure not to touch the tip, inserting the swab into their nostril until they start to feel resistance, and rubbing the swab in four circles before repeating the process in their other nostril. An independent observer timed random sample self-collections from April - June 2021. Results 2,590 samples were collected from 209 students during the study period when data on error rates were collected. Errors occurred in 3.3% of all student encounters (n=87). Error rates over time are shown in Figure 1, with the highest rate occurring on the first day of testing (n=20/197, 10.2%) and the lowest in January 2021 (n=1/202, 0.5%). 2,574 visits for sample self-collection occurred during the study period when independent timing data was collected (April - June 2021). Of those visits, 7.5% (n=193) were timed. The average duration of each visit was 70 seconds. Figure 1. Swab Error Rates Over Time Conclusion Pediatric self-collected lower nasal swabs are a viable and easily tolerated specimen collection method for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in school settings, as evidenced by the low error rate and short time window of sample self-collection during testing. School administrators should expect errors to drop quickly after implementing testing. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

The Green Bank Northern Celestial Cap Pulsar Survey. VI. Discovery and Timing of PSR J1759+5036: A Double Neutron Star Binary Pulsar

The Green Bank North Celestial Cap survey is a 350 MHz all-sky survey for pulsars and fast radio transients using the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope. To date, the survey has discovered over 190 pulsars, including 33 millisecond pulsars and 24 rotating radio transients. Several exotic pulsars have been discovered in the survey, including PSR J1759+5036, a binary pulsar with a 176 ms spin period in an orbit with a period of 2.04 days, an eccentricity of 0.3, and a projected semi-major axis of 6.8 light seconds. Using seven years of timing data, we are able to measure one post–Keplerian parameter, advance of periastron, which has allowed us to constrain the total system mass to 2.62 ± 0.03 M ⊙. This constraint, along with the spin period and orbital parameters, suggests that this is a double neutron star system, although we cannot entirely rule out a pulsar-white dwarf binary. This pulsar is only detectable in roughly 45% of observations, most likely due to scintillation. However, additional observations are required to determine whether there may be other contributing effects.

Use of Real-Time Traffic and Signal Timing Data in Modeling Occupant Injury Severity at Signalized Intersections

This study explored the use of real-time traffic events and signal timing data to determine the factors influencing the injury severity of vehicle occupants at intersections. The analysis was based on 3 years (2017–2019) of crash and high-resolution traffic data. The best fit regression was first identified by comparing the conventional regression model and logistic models with random effect. The logistic model with a heavy-tailed distribution random effect best fitted the data set, and it was used in the variable assessment. The model results revealed that about 13.6% of the unobserved heterogeneity comes from site-specific variations, which underlines the need to use the logistic model with a random effect. Among the real-time traffic events and signal-based variables, approach delay and platoon ratio significantly influenced the injury severity of vehicle occupants at 90% Bayesian credible interval. Additionally, the manner of a collision, occupant seat position, number of vehicles involved in a crash, gender, age, lighting condition, and day of the week significantly affected the vehicle occupant injury. The study findings are anticipated to provide valuable insights to transportation agencies for developing countermeasures to mitigate the crash severity risk proactively.

Workforce planning and safe workload in sterile compounding hospital pharmacy services

Purpose A prospective observational study was conducted to assess sterile compounding time and workforce requirements in a hospital pharmacy, resulting in development of staff benchmarking metrics. Methods The study was conducted in the IV room of a quaternary hospital over 2 periods totalling 7 weeks. Compounding was directly observed and timing data collected for each compounded sterile preparation (CSP). The primary objective was to assess CSP workload, compounding time requirements, and workforce requirements to enable development of a data-driven staffing benchmark. Results A total of 320 sterile product preparations were directly observed during the study. Overall, the average time to compound 1 CSP (including small- and large-volume parenteral solutions, chemotherapy CSPs, batched CSPs, and syringes) was 3.25 minutes. Chemotherapy CSPs had the longest average preparation time (17.74 minutes); batched CSPs had the shortest preparation time, at 1.90 minutes per unit. A safe workload analysis indicated that in an 8-hour shift, 1 pharmacy technician can safely prepare 253 batched CSPs; 148 preparations of SVP solutions, LVP solutions, and syringes combined; 31 parenteral nutrition solutions prepared using an automated device; or 29 chemotherapy preparations. Through extrapolation of these results, it was calculated that a hospital with a capacity of 100 beds would require 1.4 pharmacist full-time equivalents (FTEs) and 2.7 technician FTEs to meet its sterile compounding needs, with proportionate increases in those estimates for a 300-bed hospital. Conclusion Organizations wishing to use external benchmarking information need to understand data characterization, pharmacy services offered, automation, workflows, and workload before utilizing that information for workforce planning.

The Mount Hood fault zone, active faulting at the crest of the dynamic Cascade Range, north-central Oregon, USA

ABSTRACT The Mount Hood fault zone is a N-trending, ~55-km-long zone of active faulting along the western margin of the Hood River graben in north-central Oregon. The Mount Hood fault zone occurs along the crest of the Cascade Range and consists of multiple active fault segments. It is presently unclear how much Hood River graben extension is actively accommodated on the fault zone, and how Cascade intra-arc extension accommodates regional patterns of clockwise rotation and northwest translation of crustal blocks in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Evidence for Holocene activity on the Mount Hood fault zone was discovered in 2009 after acquisition of high-resolution lidar topography of the area. This trip will visit sites displaying evidence of Holocene surface rupture on fault strands within the Mount Hood fault zone. Day 1 starts with a two-hour drive from Portland to Mount Hood, a 3429-m-high glaciated active volcano, where we will visit sites south of the summit along the Twin Lakes fault segment, including several fault scarps and two sites where dating of offset buried soils constrains the timing of the most recent surface-rupturing event to the Holocene. Day 1 includes two hikes of ~1 km and will be partly cross-country. The trip will overnight at the historic Timberline Lodge, an architectural masterpiece from the Civilian Conservation Corps (1933–1942) era, located at tree line on the southern flank of Mount Hood. Day 2 will visit sites north of the summit, stopping along the Blue Ridge fault segment to view the site of 2011 paleoseismic trenches and an offset glacial moraine. We will visit an unusual uphill-facing scarp in coarse talus along the Gate Creek fault segment near the north end of the Mount Hood fault zone. We will conclude Day 2 with a short hike into the Mark O. Hatfield Wilderness along the Gate Creek fault segment to view evidence of a surface-rupturing earthquake that occurred only a few centuries ago, illuminated by a nearby paleoseismic trench hand-dug in 2020. Our neotectonic and paleoseismic data are among the first efforts to document and characterize seismic sources within the Mount Hood fault zone. However, even with our new age data, fault slip rates and earthquake recurrence remain poorly constrained. With our limited earthquake timing data, it is not clear whether all segments of the Mount Hood fault zone rupture together as a ≥ M 7 earthquake, or alternatively, if the fault segments rupture independently in a sequence of smaller ~M 6–sized events.

Conceptually plausible Bayesian inference in interval timing

In a world that is uncertain and noisy, perception makes use of optimization procedures that rely on the statistical properties of previous experiences. A well-known example of this phenomenon is the central tendency effect observed in many psychophysical modalities. For example, in interval timing tasks, previous experiences influence the current percept, pulling behavioural responses towards the mean. In Bayesian observer models, these previous experiences are typically modelled by unimodal statistical distributions, referred to as the prior. Here, we critically assess the validity of the assumptions underlying these models and propose a model that allows for more flexible, yet conceptually more plausible, modelling of empirical distributions. By representing previous experiences as a mixture of lognormal distributions, this model can be parametrized to mimic different unimodal distributions and thus extends previous instantiations of Bayesian observer models. We fit the mixture lognormal model to published interval timing data of healthy young adults and a clinical population of aged mild cognitive impairment patients and age-matched controls, and demonstrate that this model better explains behavioural data and provides new insights into the mechanisms that underlie the behaviour of a memory-affected clinical population.

Design and Implementation of 64-bit SRAM and CAM on Cadence and Open-source environment

Low-power IC design has become a priority in recent years because of the growing proliferation of portable battery-operated devices, bringing Static Random-Access Memory (SRAM) and Content Addressable Memory (CAM) into play. In today's SoCs, embedded SRAM units have become a necessary component. There is a lack of chips in the current world and to manufacture chips there is the requirement of Electronic Design Automation(EDA) tools that can perform better. In this paper, the main motive is to showcase the performance of open-source tools available currently which can still generate the required output with no cost. In this new era of fast mobile computing, traditional SRAM cell designs are power-demanding and underperforming. Rather than lowering manufacturing costs through high-volume production, specialty memory give cost-effective alternatives through architecture. Specialty memory devices enable the designer to address issues like board area, important timing, data flow bottlenecks, and so on in ways that high-volume regular memory devices cannot. Implementation of memory devices on Cadence environment and open-source environment to check the compatibility and compare the power, area, and delay of both 64-bit SRAM and CAM also analysing and validating the results of both the memory devices in this paper. For SRAM in a cadence environment, the calculated power, area, and slack have improved values, namely 0.145mW, 1104.3um2, and positive slack of 6636. Furthermore, the power for 64-bit CAM in a cadence context is nearly identical to those for an open-source environment ~0.8mW. In an open-source environment, the calculated slack for CAM is 4.74.