Application of Forced Modulation Function Mathematical Model in the Characteristic Research of Reflective Intensity Fibre Sensors

Abstract In order to discuss the application and mode of the forced modulation function in a sensor, the optical fibre emphasis function was established by referring to the geometric method, the tilt factor and the shape factor of the reflecting surface. These were introduced for the first time, and the corresponding mathematical model was established. The method of numerical simulation is systematically studied and multimode optical fibre parameters (including optical fibre of axial spacing, optical fibre core diameter and numerical aperture) are adopted. The reflective surface inclination and shape factors on the RIM–FOS intensity modulation characteristics are studied according to the obtained light quasi-Gaussian distribution model, establishing a general three-intensity modulation function of fibre optic sensor. The results show that the intensity modulation characteristic of specular reflection is obviously better than that of the diffuse reflection surface, and the peak value of the modulation function is five times that of diffuse reflection. The intensity modulation characteristic decreases with increase in the roughness of the reflection surface. The system can not only complete the RIM–FOS characteristic simulation and characteristic testing functions, but can also start-up the test and not be affected by the ambient light interference and power fluctuation of the light source. The test stability is good with high repeatability.

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Analogue intensity modulation schemes for optical fibre HDTV transmission

IEE Proceedings J Optoelectronics ◽

10.1049/ip-j.1993.0064 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 140 (6) ◽

pp. 417

Author(s):

J.M. Senior ◽

D.T. Lambert ◽

D.W. Faulkner

Keyword(s):

Optical Fibre ◽

Intensity Modulation ◽

Modulation Schemes

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Measurement of the numerical aperture of a step-index optical fibre

Electronics Letters ◽

10.1049/el:19760052 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 63 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

L. Jeunhomme ◽

J.P. Pocholle

Keyword(s):

Optical Fibre ◽

Numerical Aperture ◽

Step Index

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Intensity modulation based optical fibre humidity sensor using Agarose Chitoson composite

International Journal of Engineering Systems Modelling and Simulation ◽

10.1504/ijesms.2022.10044366 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Yogesh H. Patil ◽

Amrit Ghosh

Keyword(s):

Optical Fibre ◽

Humidity Sensor ◽

Intensity Modulation

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Accuracy-enhanced compensated optical fibre two-dimension microdisplacement transducer based on direct intensity modulation

10.1117/12.309700 ◽

1998 ◽

Author(s):

Miguel A. Morante Rabago ◽

Adolfo Cobo ◽

Jorge L. Arce-Diego ◽

Jose Miguel Lopez-Higuera

Keyword(s):

Optical Fibre ◽

Intensity Modulation ◽

Two Dimension

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Microspectroscopic infrared specular reflection chemical imaging of multi-component urinary stones: MIR vs. FIR

Open Chemistry ◽

10.2478/s11532-013-0349-6 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 44-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Milda Pucetaite ◽

Sandra Tamosaityte ◽

Anders Engdahl ◽

Justinas Ceponkus ◽

Valdas Sablinskas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diffuse Reflection ◽

Specular Reflection ◽

Far Infrared ◽

Chemical Imaging ◽

Urinary Stones ◽

High Contrast ◽

Mid Infrared ◽

Infrared Microspectroscopy ◽

Spectral Bands ◽

Far Infrared Radiation

AbstractSpecular reflection infrared microspectroscopy was used for chemical imaging of cross-sectioned urinary stones to determine their chemical composition and morphology simultaneously. Absorption spectral bands were recovered from reflection spectra by Kramers-Kronig transform. FUse of far-infrared radiation provides high-contrast images and allows more precise constituent distribution determinations than mid-infrared because band asymmetry after the transform caused by diffuse reflection is less in the far-infrared.

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Low-loss high-numerical-aperture optical fibre fabricated by v.a.d. method

Electronics Letters ◽

10.1049/el:19790483 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 15 (21) ◽

pp. 680 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

N. Shibata ◽

M. Kawachi ◽

S. Sudo ◽

T. Edahiro

Keyword(s):

Optical Fibre ◽

Numerical Aperture ◽

Low Loss ◽

High Numerical Aperture

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Investigation of the Two-Bar Warp-Knitted Fabric Structure Effect on Luster Value

Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics ◽

10.1177/155892501400900204 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 155892501400900

Author(s):

Saeed Ajeli ◽

Zoleykhah Ahmadvand

Keyword(s):

Diffuse Reflection ◽

Specular Reflection ◽

Knitted Fabric ◽

Knitted Fabrics ◽

Fabric Structure ◽

Measuring Surface ◽

Before And After ◽

Dark Color ◽

Points Of View ◽

Warp Knitted Fabric

Consumer points of view determine economical value of fabrics. Fabric luster plays a momentous role in attracting people's attention, especially for clothing and domestic purposes. Luster is defined by intensity of both specular and diffuse light reflection off of a surface. There are various methods for measuring surface luster. Gloss. Luster is described as the ratio of specular reflection in one angle to diffuse reflection in another angle. Two-bar warp knitted polyester fabrics such as Tricot, Locknit, Satin, reverse Locknit and Sharkskin in three different densities were provided. A mini gloss apparatus was applied to measure fabric specular reflection in the angle of sixty degrees, before and after disperse dying with different colors of white, blue and yellow. Results suggest that luster is a function of knitted fabric type, color and density. Enhancement of technical back luster resulted from longer underlap of the front bar. However, it did not change the technical face luster significantly. Density increased in all knitted fabrics and caused the luster to decrease. Dark color fabrics showed lower luster compared to light ones.

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A New Image Irradiance Equation for Perspective Shape from Shading of Hybrid Surfaces

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.519-520.676 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 519-520 ◽

pp. 676-679

Author(s):

Guo Hui Wang ◽

Jin Cheng ◽

Quan Rui Wei

Keyword(s):

Differential Equation ◽

Partial Differential Equation ◽

Diffuse Reflection ◽

Specular Reflection ◽

Linear Partial Differential Equation ◽

Shape From Shading ◽

Point Light Source ◽

Imaging Model ◽

Reflectance Model ◽

Point Light

Shape from shading (SFS) is a classical and important problem in the domain of computer vision. This paper presents a new image irradiance equation for perspective SFS method to reconstruct the hybrid surfaces that have both diffuse reflection and specular reflection. The hybrid reflectance model composed of a linear combination of Oren-Nayar model and Ward model is used to express the hybrid surfaces. An imaging model incorporating near point light source, perspective camera projection and the hybrid reflectance model is established. Under this model, the image irradiance equation has been derived as a non-linear partial differential equation (PDE). The resulting PDE is associated with a static Hamilton-Jacobi (H-J) equation considering the boundary conditions. Thus, the image irradiance equation of hybrid surfaces can be solved further.

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High bandwidth and high numerical aperture graded-index polymer optical fibre

Electronics Letters ◽

10.1049/el:19940762 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 30 (14) ◽

pp. 1169-1171 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

T. Ishigure ◽

E. Nihei ◽

A. Horibe ◽

Y. Koike

Keyword(s):

Optical Fibre ◽

Numerical Aperture ◽

High Numerical Aperture ◽

Graded Index ◽

High Bandwidth

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Development of UV Distribution Model for the Non-Contact Type UV Disinfection System

International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering ◽

10.1515/1542-6580.2639 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sung Hong Kim ◽

Young Gyun Choi ◽

Dooil Kim

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Exposure Time ◽

Uv Light ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Water Layer ◽

Distribution Model ◽

Uv Disinfection ◽

Contact Type ◽

Irradiation System ◽

Uv Lamp

Fouling on the quartz sleeve reduces the transmittance of UV light through the sleeve into the water in submerged UV disinfection system. The concept of a non-contact type of UV disinfection system was introduced in this study. UV lamps and their quartz sleeves hang over the water surface and there is no interface between the sleeve and water. Indeed, there is no fouling. Based on optical laws and UV distribution model, a detailed mathematical model for a non-contact type UV disinfection system was developed and simulated in this study. UV light passes through 4 media of air-quartz-air and water in case of non-contact type irradiation system. By the simulation of the mathematical model of the system, it is known that the non-contact type of UV system requires 2.5 times more powerful UV lamp or a lamp with longer exposure time than that of the submerged type of UV system. In a non-contact type of UV system, high-reflective ceiling material can increase the UV intensity of the water layer as much as 28 percent more than the case of non-reflective ceiling material. The non-contact type UV irradiation system requires more powerful lamp or one that have longer exposure time. Nevertheless, considering the fouling attenuation and maintenance problem associated with the fouling, non-contact type of UV disinfection system deserves to be practically considered, especially in a small to middle scale water or wastewater treatment plant.

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