El urbanismo sostenible de proximidad: La Ley 10/2019, de 27 de junio, de Ordenación Territorial de Grandes Establecimientos Comerciales del País Vasco.

LABURPENA: Eusko Legebiltzarrak onartu berri du 10/2019 Legea, ekainaren 27koa, establezimendu komertzial handien lurralde antolamenduari buruzkoa (EHAA, 2019ko uztailaren 9koa), Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko merkataritzagune handien ezarpena eta handitzea arautzen duena, haien araudia Zerbitzuen Zuzentarauaren eta Europar Batasuneko Justizia Auzitegiaren eta Auzitegi Gorenaren doktrinaren eskakizunetara egokitzeko. Lurralde-antolamenduaren ikuspegitik, eta segurtasun juridiko handiena lortze aldera, legeak behar bezala arrazoituta egiaztatu nahi du antolamendu berriak honako baldintza hirukoitza betetzen duela: beharra —Bereziki, periferiako merkataritzaren ondoriozko arazo jasangarriak eta ingurumenekoak saihestea—, diskriminaziorik eza eta proportzionaltasuna, eta teorikoki ez dagoela merkataritza txikia babesteko interes ekonomikorik. Alde horretatik, edukiaren azterketatik ondorioztatzen da lege honek hiri konpaktuaren lurralde-eredu iraunkor bat aldarrikatzen duela, mugikortasun jasangarria sustatzen duena eta hurbileko hiri-merkataritza babesten duena, eta horrek ongi pentsatutako oinarri gisa balio dio establezimendu komertzial handiak lehentasunez hiriko bizitegi sarean ezar daitezen agintzeko. ABSTRACT: The Basque Parliament has approved the Law 10/2019, of 27 June, on the territorial planning of large commercial spaces, regulating the establishment and enlargement of large commercial establishments in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country, in order to adapt its regulations to the requirements of the Services Directive and the doctrine of the Court of Justice of the European Union and the Supreme Court. From the perspective of territorial planning, and for the sake of greater legal certainty, it seeks to demonstrate in a sufficiently reasoned manner that the new planning observes the triple condition of necessity —especially to avoid sustainable and environmental problems derived from peripheral trade—, non-discrimination and proportionality and the theoretical non-existence of an economic interest in protecting the small commerce. In this sense, the analysis of its content shows that this law promulgates a sustainable territorial model of compact city that promotes sustainable mobility and protects urban commerce of proximity, which serves as a matured basis to dictate precepts that establish the preference of the implantation of large commercial establishments in the residential urban area. RESUMEN: El Parlamento Vasco ha aprobado la Ley 10/2019, de 27 de junio, de ordenación territorial de grandes establecimientos comerciales (BOPV de 9 de julio de 2019), regulando la implantación y ampliación de los grandes establecimientos comerciales en la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco, con el fin de adaptar su normativa a las exigencias de la Directiva de Servicios y a la doctrina del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea y del Tribunal Supremo. Desde la perspectiva de la ordenación del territorio, y en aras de la mayor seguridad jurídica, trata de acreditar de forma suficientemente motivada que la nueva ordenación observa la triple condición de necesidad —especialmente, de evitar problemas sostenibles y ambientales derivados del comercio periférico—, no discriminación y proporcionalidad, y la teórica inexistencia de un interés económico de proteger al pequeño comercio. En este sentido, del análisis de su contenido se desprende que esta ley promulga un modelo territorial sostenible de ciudad compacta que fomenta la movilidad sostenible y protege el comercio urbano de proximidad, lo cual le sirve de fundamento madurado para dictar preceptos que establecen la preferencia de la implantación de los grandes establecimientos comerciales en la trama urbana residencial.

Combining a Cognitive Concurrent Task with a Motor or Motor-Cognitive Task: Which Is Better to Differentiate Levels of Affectation in Parkinson’s Disease?

Introduction. Cognitive decline usually coexists with motor impairment in PD. Multitask settings provide appropriate measures to evaluate the complex interaction between motor and cognitive impairments. The main objective was to analyze which concurrent task, i. e., motor or hybrid motor-cognitive, in combination with a cognitive task better differentiates between PD patients with mild and moderate levels of disease. Methods. Thirty-seven individuals (19 male and 18 female) with idiopathic PD performed dual and triple tasks combining a cognitive task (phonemic fluency) with motor (pedaling) and/or cognitive-motor hybrid (tracking) tasks. Mild and moderate disability PD groups were specified considering the Hoehn and Yahr scale. Mixed ANOVA analyses for each of the concurrent task were carried out to test differences between the single and dual or triple condition performances comparing the low and high PD disability groups. Supplementary mixed ANCOVA analysis was performed considering the cognitive status as the covariate. Results. The only significant differences between disability PD groups were found for performances in the cognitive-motor hybrid (tracking) task, both in dual and triple conditions. Our results showed a better performance for the mild rather than for the moderate disability group in the single condition task and a significant decline of the mild disability group in the dual and triple condition when compared to the levels of those shown by the moderate disability group. The group-condition interaction remained significant when the cognitive status was statistically controlled. Conclusion. The hybrid of motor-cognitive task combining with a cognitive task (i. e., fluency) successfully differentiated between mild and moderate PD patients in the context of dual and triple multitask sets even when the cognitive status was statistically controlled. Our results highlight the importance of jointly measuring the complex interplay between motor and cognitive skills in PD.

Clinical Holistic Medicine (Mindful Short-Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Complimented with Bodywork) in the Treatment of Schizophrenia (ICD10-F20/DSM-IV Code 295) and Other Psychotic Mental Diseases

Clinical holistic medicine (CHM) has developed into a system that can also be helpful with mentally ill patients. CHM therapy supports the patient through a series of emotionally challenging, existential, and healing crises. The patient’s sense of coherence and mental health can be recovered through the process of feeling old repressed emotions, understanding life and self, and finally letting go of negative beliefs and delusions. The Bleuler's triple condition of autism, disturbed thoughts, and disturbed emotions that characterizes the schizophrenic patient can be understood as arising from the early defense of splitting, caused by negative learning from painful childhood traumas that made the patient lose sense of coherence and withdraw from social contact. Self-insight gained through the therapy can allow the patients to take their bodily, mental, and spiritual talents into use. At the end of therapy, the patients are once again living a life of quality centered on their life mission and they relate to other people in a way that systematically creates value. There are a number of challenges meeting the therapist who works with schizophrenic and psychotic patients, from the potential risk of experiencing a patient's violence, to the obligation to contain the most difficult and embarrassing of feelings when the emotional and often also sexual content of the patient’s unconsciousness becomes explicit. There is a long, well-established tradition for treating schizophrenia with psychodynamic therapy, and we have found that the combination of bodywork and psychotherapy can enhance and accelerate the therapy and might improve the treatment rate further.