Combining a Cognitive Concurrent Task with a Motor or Motor-Cognitive Task: Which Is Better to Differentiate Levels of Affectation in Parkinson’s Disease?

Introduction. Cognitive decline usually coexists with motor impairment in PD. Multitask settings provide appropriate measures to evaluate the complex interaction between motor and cognitive impairments. The main objective was to analyze which concurrent task, i. e., motor or hybrid motor-cognitive, in combination with a cognitive task better differentiates between PD patients with mild and moderate levels of disease. Methods. Thirty-seven individuals (19 male and 18 female) with idiopathic PD performed dual and triple tasks combining a cognitive task (phonemic fluency) with motor (pedaling) and/or cognitive-motor hybrid (tracking) tasks. Mild and moderate disability PD groups were specified considering the Hoehn and Yahr scale. Mixed ANOVA analyses for each of the concurrent task were carried out to test differences between the single and dual or triple condition performances comparing the low and high PD disability groups. Supplementary mixed ANCOVA analysis was performed considering the cognitive status as the covariate. Results. The only significant differences between disability PD groups were found for performances in the cognitive-motor hybrid (tracking) task, both in dual and triple conditions. Our results showed a better performance for the mild rather than for the moderate disability group in the single condition task and a significant decline of the mild disability group in the dual and triple condition when compared to the levels of those shown by the moderate disability group. The group-condition interaction remained significant when the cognitive status was statistically controlled. Conclusion. The hybrid of motor-cognitive task combining with a cognitive task (i. e., fluency) successfully differentiated between mild and moderate PD patients in the context of dual and triple multitask sets even when the cognitive status was statistically controlled. Our results highlight the importance of jointly measuring the complex interplay between motor and cognitive skills in PD.

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Emotional Intelligence as the Subject of Studying Metacognitive Processes in Universities

Siberian Pedagogical Journal ◽

10.15293/1813-4718.2106.10 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 89-100

Author(s):

Marina Vladimirovna Melnichuk ◽

◽

Marina Anatolievna Belogash ◽

Keyword(s):

Emotional Intelligence ◽

Academic Success ◽

University Students ◽

Learning Strategies ◽

Cognitive Skills ◽

Cognitive Task ◽

Emotional Awareness ◽

Emotional States ◽

Metacognitive Skills ◽

Metacognitive Processes

In the context of modern digital transformation of all aspects of the socioeconomic environment, training university students for analytical processing of increasing inflows of data and dealing with complex cognitive tasks driven by metacognition has become of particular importance. The research is aimed to review the structure of metacognitive processing, the development factors of metacognitive skills, the relation of metacognitive skills to emotional and cognitive skills, and to determine their role in the achievement of academic success of university students. Methodology. The research is undertaken on the basis of theoretical investigation and comprehensive analysis of theoretical conceptualization of intelligence. The authors have researched the derivation of metacognition, the structure of self-regulating metacognitive processes and their interaction with cognitive and affective processes. The research findings confirm that the metacognitive experience provides self-reflection, emotional awareness of feelings, estimating relationships between emotional states and the degree of implementation or attainability of a cognitive task. The authors conclude that emotional intelligence is manifested in metacognitive skills and predicts academic success. Also, teaching and learning strategies are required to be refined taking into account the development of emotional and metacognitive skills of university students.

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Telerehabilitation in Parkinson's disease: Influence of cognitive status

Dementia & Neuropsychologia ◽

10.1590/s1980-5764-2016dn1004012 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 327-332 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alice Estevo Dias ◽

João Carlos Papaterra Limongi ◽

Wu Tu Hsing ◽

Egberto Reis Barbosa

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Cognitive Status ◽

Disease Stage ◽

Voice Rehabilitation ◽

Voice Treatment ◽

Technological Competence ◽

Yahr Scale ◽

Invaluable Tool ◽

Remote Therapy

ABSTRACT Background: The need for efficacy in voice rehabilitation in patients with Parkinson's disease is well established. Given difficulties traveling from home to treatment centers, the use of telerehabilitation may represent an invaluable tool for many patients. Objective: To analyze the influence of cognitive performance on acceptance of telerehabilitation. Methods: Fifty patients at stages 2-4 on the Hoehn-Yahr scale, aged 45-87 years old, with cognitive scores of19-30 on the Mini-Mental State Examination, and 4-17 years of education were enrolled. All patients were submitted to evaluation of voice intensity pre and post in-person treatment with the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) and were asked to fill out a questionnaire regarding their preferences between two options of treatment and evaluating basic technological competence. Results: Comparisons between pre and post-treatment values showed a mean increase of 14dBSPL in vocal intensity. When asked about potential acceptance to participate in future telerehabilitation, 38 subjects agreed to take part and 12 did not. For these two groups, 26% and 17% self-reported technological competence, respectively. Agreement to engage in remote therapy was positively associated with years of education and cognitive status. Conclusion: Responses to the questionnaire submitted after completion of traditional in-person LSVT showed that the majority of patients (76%) were willing to participate in future telerehabilitation. Age, gender, disease stage and self-reported basic technological skills appeared to have no influence on the decision, whereas other factors such as cognitive status and higher school education were positively associated with acceptance of the new therapy approach.

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Training Development for Complex Cognitive Tasks

Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193128703101119 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 31 (11) ◽

pp. 1261-1265 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Joan M. Ryder ◽

Richard E. Redding ◽

Peter F. Beckschi

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Skills ◽

Task Analysis ◽

Cognitive Task ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Cognitive Task Analysis ◽

Instructional Systems ◽

Training Development ◽

Recent Developments ◽

Training Methodologies ◽

Complex Cognitive Skills

This study evaluated current training methodologies, particularly Instructional Systems Development (ISD), and recent developments in cognitive science to determine how training procedures should be modified to support training for tasks which require complex cognitive skills. We contend that ISD is still viable if procedures are developed for the training of cognitive skills. An important component of ISD which needs to be modified to support training of cognitive skills is the task analysis. We discuss the need for integrating efficient and cost-effective cognitive task analysis methodologies with traditional analysis methods.

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Cognitive impairment across ALS clinical stages in a population-based cohort

Neurology ◽

10.1212/wnl.0000000000008063 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 93 (10) ◽

pp. e984-e994 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Adriano Chiò ◽

Cristina Moglia ◽

Antonio Canosa ◽

Umberto Manera ◽

Rosario Vasta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Motor Impairment ◽

Staging System ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cognitive Status ◽

Cognitive Testing ◽

Behavioral Impairment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Stage 1

ObjectiveTo assess the association of the degree of severity of motor impairment to that of cognitive impairment in a large cohort of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).MethodsThis is a population-based cross-sectional study on patients with ALS incident in Piemonte, Italy, between 2007 and 2015. Cognitive status was classified according to the revised ALS–FTD Consensus Criteria. The King system and the Milano Torino Staging system (MiToS) were used for defining the severity of motor impairment.ResultsOf the 797 patients included in the study, 163 (20.5%) had ALS–frontotemporal dementia (FTD), 38 (4.8%) cognitive and behavioral impairment (ALScbi), 132 (16.6%) cognitive impairment (ALSci), 63 (7.9%) behavioral impairment (ALSbi), 16 (2.0%) nonexecutive impairment, and 385 (48.2%) were cognitively normal. According to King staging, the frequency of cases with ALS-FTD progressively increased from 16.5% in stage 1–44.4% in stage 4; conversely, the frequency of ALSci, ALSbi, and ALScbi increased from King stage 1 to King stage 3 and decreased thereafter. A similar pattern was observed with the MiToS staging. ALS-FTD was more frequent in patients with bulbar involvement at time of cognitive testing. Patients with C9ORF72 expansion (n = 61) showed more severe cognitive impairment with increasing King and MiToS stages.ConclusionOur findings suggest that ALS motor and cognitive components may worsen in parallel, and that cognitive impairment becomes more pronounced when bulbar function is involved. Our data support the hypothesis that ALS pathology disseminates in a regional ordered sequence, through a cortico-efferent spreading model.

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The effects of a concurrent task on walking in persons with transfemoral amputation compared to persons without limb loss

Prosthetics and Orthotics International ◽

10.1177/0309364615596066 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 490-496 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Sara J Morgan ◽

Brian J Hafner ◽

Valerie E Kelly

Keyword(s):

Dual Task ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Cognitive Task ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Concurrent Task ◽

Limb Loss ◽

Transfemoral Amputation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Time Asymmetry ◽

Single Task

Background:Many people with lower limb loss report the need to concentrate on walking. This may indicate increased reliance on cognitive resources when walking compared to individuals without limb loss.Objective:This study quantified changes in walking associated with addition of a concurrent cognitive task in persons with transfemoral amputation using microprocessor knees compared to age- and sex-matched controls.Study design:Observational, cross-sectional study.Methods:Quantitative motion analysis was used to assess walking under both single-task (walking alone) and dual-task (walking while performing a cognitive task) conditions. Primary outcomes were walking speed, step width, step time asymmetry, and cognitive task response latency and accuracy. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to examine the effects of task (single-task and dual-task) and group (transfemoral amputation and control) for each outcome.Results:No significant interactions between task and group were observed (all p > 0.11) indicating that a cognitive task did not differentially affect walking between groups. However, walking was slower with wider steps and more asymmetry in people with transfemoral amputation compared to controls under both conditions.Conclusion:Although there were significant differences in walking between people with transfemoral amputation and matched controls, the effects of a concurrent cognitive task on walking were similar between groups.Clinical relevanceThe addition of a concurrent task did not differentially affect walking outcomes in people with and without transfemoral amputation. However, compared to people without limb loss, people with transfemoral amputation adopted a conservative walking strategy. This strategy may reduce the need to concentrate on walking but also contributed to notable gait deviations.

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Exploring the impact of external shading system on cognitive task performance, alertness and visual comfort in a daylit workplace environment

Indoor and Built Environment ◽

10.1177/1420326x19864414 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (7) ◽

pp. 942-955 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

F Leccese ◽

G Salvadori ◽

M Öner ◽

T Kazanasmaz

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Skills ◽

Cognitive Task ◽

Visual Display ◽

Naming Task ◽

Experimental Session ◽

Visual Comfort ◽

Visual Display Terminal ◽

Subjective Alertness ◽

Office Lighting ◽

The Impact

The authors examined the effect of external shading system on cognitive performance, alertness and visual comfort of visual display terminal (VDT) users under two realistic office lighting settings in this study. Daylight was the source of illumination being considered as the most significant and preferred one. A total of 26 participants performed visual and cognitive demanding tasks as well as providing subjective alertness, performance and visual evaluations in a full-scale mock-up VDT workstation. Two trials (with and without shading system) were executed during one experimental session. Results revealed that the use of a shading system improves the performance of a user on colour-naming task requiring sustained attention, while no differential effects were observed on tasks involving other cognitive skills such as search velocity and vigilance. Within-subject performance differences were more pronounced during morning hours. Higher performance was reported in some cognitive tests when the subjective sensation of visual discomfort was lower.

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The Prevalence of Social Engagement in the Disabled Elderly and Related Factors

ISRN Geriatrics ◽

10.1155/2013/709823 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Midori Kimura ◽

Sachiko Yamazaki ◽

Hiroshi Haga ◽

Seiji Yasumura

Keyword(s):

Social Engagement ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Related Factors ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

Disability Status ◽

Disabled Elderly ◽

The Disabled ◽

Disability Group ◽

Mild Disability ◽

Status Level

The purpose of this study is to explore the prevalence and related factors of social engagement in the disabled elderly. Participants were 86 elderly ranging from 65 to 84 years of age with disability dwelling in Fukushima City, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. Among them, socially engaged elderly were 23 people (26.7% of the participants). Seventeen of the 23 socially engaged elderly were mildly disabled (32.7% of the mild disability group). Four were moderately disabled (20.0% of the moderate disability group), and 2 were severely disabled elderly (14.3% of the severe disability group). Factors related to social engagement in the disabled elderly were examined using multiple logistic regression analysis. Results showed that self-rated health and psychological independence were significantly associated with social engagement in the disabled elderly. This result did not change even after adjusting for disability status level. These findings suggest that support in psychological aspects, such as self-rated health and psychological independence, may promote social engagement in the disabled elderly.

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Dysarthria and broader motor speech deficits in Dravet syndrome

Neurology ◽

10.1212/wnl.0000000000003635 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 88 (8) ◽

pp. 743-749 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Samantha J. Turner ◽

Amy Brown ◽

Marta Arpone ◽

Vicki Anderson ◽

Angela T. Morgan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Language Impairment ◽

Cognitive Skills ◽

Speech Intelligibility ◽

Motor Planning ◽

Motor Impairment ◽

Dravet Syndrome ◽

Motor Speech ◽

Intentional Communication ◽

Oral Motor ◽

Severe Intellectual Disability

Objective:To analyze the oral motor, speech, and language phenotype in 20 children and adults with Dravet syndrome (DS) associated with mutations in SCN1A.Methods:Fifteen verbal and 5 minimally verbal DS patients with SCN1A mutations (aged 15 months-28 years) underwent a tailored assessment battery.Results:Speech was characterized by imprecise articulation, abnormal nasal resonance, voice, and pitch, and prosody errors. Half of verbal patients had moderate to severely impaired conversational speech intelligibility. Oral motor impairment, motor planning/programming difficulties, and poor postural control were typical. Nonverbal individuals had intentional communication. Cognitive skills varied markedly, with intellectual functioning ranging from the low average range to severe intellectual disability. Language impairment was congruent with cognition.Conclusions:We describe a distinctive speech, language, and oral motor phenotype in children and adults with DS associated with mutations in SCN1A. Recognizing this phenotype will guide therapeutic intervention in patients with DS.

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Muscle strength and executive function as complementary parameters for the assessment of impairment in Parkinson's disease

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/0004-282x20130175 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 71 (12) ◽

pp. 948-954

Author(s):

Dannyel Barbirato ◽

Alessandro Carvalho ◽

Narahyana Bom de Araujo ◽

Jose Vicente Martins ◽

Andrea Deslandes

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Executive Function ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Motor Impairment ◽

Cognitive Status ◽

Cognitive Capacity ◽

Response To Treatment ◽

The Relationship

Objective To evaluate the relationship between the quantitative results of functional and cognitive performance of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and disease severity; and to study the relationship between patients' functional and cognitive capacity and motor impairment (Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale - UPDRS III). Method Twenty-nine subjects clinically diagnosed with PD were classified into three groups according to disease severity using the modified Hoehn and Yahr Scale (H&Y). They were submitted to functional (Senior Fitness Test) and neuropsychological tests. Stepwise regression analysis showed a significant association between H&Y and upper limb strength (r 2 =0.30; p=0.005) and executive function (r 2 =0.37; p=0.004). In relation to UPDRS III, there was a significant association between lower limb strength (r 2 =0.27; p=0.010) and global cognitive status (r 2 =0.24; p=0.024). Conclusion The implementation of simple tests of functional capacity associated with neuropsychological testing can help to assess disease severity and motor impairment, and can be used to monitor the response to treatment in PD.

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Mobile Brain/Body Imaging of cognitive-motor impairment in multiple sclerosis: deriving EEG-based neuro-markers during a dual-task walking study

10.1101/743328 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Pierfilippo De Sanctis ◽

Brenda R. Malcolm ◽

Peter C. Mabie ◽

Ana A. Francisco ◽

Wenzhu B. Mowrey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Task Performance ◽

Dual Task ◽

Cognitive Task ◽

Motor Impairment ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Motor Dysfunction ◽

Task Load ◽

Dual Task Performance ◽

Related Potentials

ABSTRACTIndividuals with a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) often present with deficits in the cognitive as well as the motor domain. The ability to perform tasks that rely on both domains may therefore be particularly impaired. Yet, behavioral studies designed to measure costs associated with performing two tasks at the same time such as dual-task walking have yielded mixed results. Patients may mobilize additional brain resources to sustain good levels of performance. To test this hypothesis, we acquired event-related potentials (ERP) in thirteen individuals with MS and fifteen healthy control (HC) participants performing a Go/NoGo response inhibition task while sitting (i.e., single task) or walking on a treadmill (i.e., dual-task). In previous work, we showed that the nogo-N2 elicited by the cognitive task was reduced when healthy adults are also asked to walk, and that nogo-N2 reduction was accompanied by sustained dual-task performance. We predicted that some MS patients, similar to their healthy peers, may mobilize N2-indexed brain resources and thereby reduce costs. Somewhat to our surprise, the HC group performed the Go/NoGo task more accurately while walking, thus showing a dual-task benefit, whereas, in line with expectation, the MS group showed a trend towards dual-task costs. The expected nogo-N2 reduction during dual-task walking was found in the HC group, but was not present at the group level in the MS group, suggesting that this group did not modulate the nogo-N2 process in response to higher task load. Regression analysis for the pooled sample revealed a robust link between nogo-N2 reduction and better dual-task performance. We conclude that impaired nogo-N2 adaptation reflects a neurophysiological marker of cognitive-motor dysfunction in MS.

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