Structure analysis of building functions transition on the earthquake area five reviewed from costs and time schedule

The purpose of this study is to determine the dimensions and reinforcement of structure, cost, and schedule due to the transition structure of the building function. The structural transition of building functions is carried out in the earthquake area five with the classification of soft and hard soils. The building used as a research model is a 3-story residence on Nuansa Utama Selatan Street number 3, Jimbaran, Bali. The planning of this building will be converted into office buildings and shophouse on the 2nd and 3rd floors functioning as a warehouse in the earthquake area five in Bali with the classification of soft and hard soil that will be analyzed using SAP 2000 program so that the structural dimensions are used as a reference in the creation of costs, and schedule obtained using Microsoft Project program. The analysis of structure shows that the structure of a residential house on hard soil has the dimensions and reinforcement of the smallest structure. The ratio of structural reinforcement in the transition of structure functions from residential house to office on hard soil by 1.32% with the lowest structure cost ratio by 1.80% and schedule of the structure by 3.80%.

ANALISIS DEFLEKSI DAN KAPASITAS LATERAL TIANG TUNGGAL PADA TANAH KOHESIF DENGAN BERBAGAI JENIS KONSISTENSI TANAH

There are 2 main elements on a foundation that must be retained from the structure above, the axial force and lateral force. The ability of the foundation to resist lateral forces and deflections that occur due to these forces can be measured by various methods, one of the methods that used in this case is the p-y curve method. In addition to soil types, the lateral capacity and lateral deflection of the pile are also affected by the consistency of the soil itself. Therefore, the writer wants to compare the lateral capacity and lateral displacement of the pile in clay with the consistency of soft, medium, and hard soils. The lateral capacity of medium clay has 100% greater capacity compared to soft clay. The lateral capacity of hard soil increase 600% greater than soft soil. The lateral capacity of the pile also varies with the depth of the pile reviewed. On soft and medium soils with a depth of 5 m the pile has an increase in lateral capacity of 12% to 17% when compared to the lateral capacity at a depth of 10 m. AbstrakPada suatu fondasi terdapat 2 elemen utama yang harus ditahan dari struktur di atasnya, yaitu gaya aksial dan gaya lateral. Kemampuan fondasi dalam menahan gaya lateral dan defleksi yang terjadi akibat gaya tersebut dapat diukur dengan berbagai metode, salah satu metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah metode p-y curve. Selain jenis tanah, kapasitas lateral dan defleksi lateral tiang ini juga dipengaruhi oleh konsistensi tanah itu sendiri. Oleh karena itu, dalam penulisan ini penulis hendak membandingkan kapasitas lateral dan perpindahan lateral tiang pada tanah lempung dengan konsistensi tanah lunak, sedang, dan keras. Kapasitas lateral tanah lempung sedang memiliki kapasitas yang lebih besar 100% jika dibandingkan dengan tanah lempung lunak. Sedangkan kapasitas lateral tanah keras memiliki kenaikan kapasitas lateral mencapai 600% jika dibandingkan dengan tanah lunak. Kapasitas lateral tiang ini juga berbeda tiap kedalaman tiang yang ditinjau. Pada tanah lunak dan sedang dengan kedalaman tiang 5 m memiliki kenaikan kapasitas lateral sebesar 12% sampai 17% jika dibandingkan dengan kapasitas lateral pada kedalaman 10 m.

Distribution of Polychaeta Communities in the Western and Northern Part of the Barents Sea

Species composition and quantitative characteristics of polychaetes in the western and northern parts of the Barents Sea were analyzed on the basis of the material collected in July and November 2017 on MMBI expeditions aboard the RV “Dalniye Zelentsy”. Three faunistic polychaete complexes were revealed, depending on environmental conditions in the study area. A change in species composition and structure of communities from the bottom topography, structure of bottom sediments and bottom hydrodynamics were noted. An increase in biomass and density of polychaetes settlement was revealed in deep-water areas of the Barents Sea, on soft silty-clay soils, where the dominant species is Spiochaetopterus typicus. A decrease in quantitative characteristics of polychaetes was observed in shallow areas, on hard soils, in the zone of intensive erosion of bottom sediments as a result of warm and cold currents interaction, where the polychaete Nothria hyperborea dominated.