Penerapan Tindakan Kompres Hangat Dalam Menurunkan Skala Nyeri Pada Penderita Gout Arthritis

Gouty Arthritis is a disease associated with an inborn errors of purine matabolism. Gout Arthritis occurs due to a buildup of uric acid that exceeds the normal limit in the joints. This can cause pain in gouty arthritis sufferers so giving warm compresses is necessary for gouty arthritis sufferers. This study was a descriptive case study aiming to describe the application of warm compresses in reducing pain scale in patirnts with Gouty Arthritis. A client assessment form, observation sheets, pain scales, WWZ (Warm Water Zak), and uric acid measurement kid were the instuments being used to collect data. The findings showed that there was a decrease in the pain scale in patiens with Gouty Arthritis. In case I, there was a decrease of pain scale from 5 to 2; meanwhile, in case II the pain scale decreased from 6 to 3. The conclusion from this study was that the application of warm compress therapy with WWZ (Warm Water Zak) could reduce the pain scale. Thus, patients of Gouty Arthritis are suggested to apply warm compress therapy with WWZ (Warm Water Zak) to reduce the pain because of the disease.Keywords: Warm compress, pain, gouty arthritis AbstrakGout Arthritis merupakan hasil metabolisme atau pecahan purin dari makanan yang tinggi purin. Gout Arthritis terjadi karena penumpukan asam urat yang melebihi batas normal dipersendian. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan nyeri pada penderita gout arthritis sehingga pemberian kompres hangat sangat diperlukan untuk penderita gout arthritis. Studi kasus ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan penerapan tindakan kompres hangat dalam menurunkan skala nyeri pada penderita Gout Arthtitis. Metode studi kasus ini menggunakan studi kasus deskriptif. Instrumen studi kasus ini dengan menggunakan format pengkajian klien, lembar observasi, skala nyeri, WWZ (Warm Water Zak) dan alat ukur untuk mengukur kadar asam urat. Hasil studi kasus ini menunjukkan ada penurunan skala nyeri pada penderita Gout Arthritis pada kasus I terjadi penurunan skala nyeri awal 5 turun menjadi 2 sedangkan pada kasus II skala nyeri awal 6 turun menjadi 3. Simpulan dari studi kasus ini bahwa terapi kompres hangat dengan WWZ (Warm Water Zak) dapat menurunkan skala nyeri. Saran bagi klien yang mengalami Gout Arthritis agar dapat mengontrol dengan menggunakan terapi kompres hangat menggunakan WWZ (Warm Water Zak) secara mandiri.Kata kunci: Kompres hangat, nyeri, gout arthritis

Emotional Support Animals: An Overview of Practical and Legal Issues for Social Workers

Limited literature exists to guide social workers in the effective and ethical use of emotional support animals (ESAs) in practice. This article deals with practical issues these professionals face in dealing with requests for ESA authorization. The article provides an overview of relevant U.S. regulations (as of mid-2019) governing housing, travel, workplaces, and higher education; examines the uses, efficacy, and special concerns regarding ESAs; and presents recommendations for the use of ESAs in social work practice. Ethical implications for social workers dealing with client assessment and ESA authorization are discussed. The authors also address the intrinsic nature of human and ESA well-being and its relevance to client-centered social work practice. In addition, the authors discuss opportunities for incorporating ESAs into social work education.

Selections From the ABC 2018 Annual Conference, Miami, Florida: Teaching Innovations Bright as the Tropical Sun

This article offers readers 13 teaching innovations debuted at the 2018 Association for Business Communication’s annual conference in Miami, Florida. The ideas include communication analysis, client assessment and reporting, and oral presentations—all designed to enhance students’ communication skill building. Additional assignment support materials—instructions to students, stimulus materials, slides, grading rubrics, frequently asked questions, and sample student projects—are posted on the Association for Business Communication and DePaul University Center for Sales Leadership websites: https://www.businesscommunication.org/page/assignments and https://salesleadershipcenter.com/research/business-professional-communication-quarterly-my-favorite-assignment

Further Validation of the Norwegian Self-Efficacy for Therapeutic Mode Use

Background. The Intentional Relationship Model (IRM) proposes six therapeutic modes as ways of relating to clients. The Norwegian self-efficacy for therapeutic mode use (N-SETMU) was found to have a one-component structure. However, its items reflect abstract concepts rather than concrete behaviors. Aim. To validate further the N-SETMU by linking its items to the Norwegian client assessment of modes (N-CAM), with 30 items constituting six scales (linked to each mode), possessing concrete, behavioral content. Methods. Occupational therapy students (n=111) completed the N-SETMU and the N-CAM derived items, along with sociodemographic information. Component structure was analyzed with Principal Components Analysis (PCA), internal consistency of scales with Cronbach’s α, and associations between scale scores with Pearson’s r. Results. All items on all N-CAM derived scales loaded on one latent component, except one item related to problem-solving. After removing this item, the scale functioned appropriately. Cronbach’s α for all N-CAM derived scales ranged 0.88–0.94, and the associations between the N-CAM derived scales and the corresponding N-SETMU items ranged between 0.60 (advocating) and 0.79 (encouraging). Conclusions. In view of the strong associations between the concrete, N-CAM derived scales and the abstract N-SETMU items, this study supports the concurrent validity of the N-SETMU.