On black hole area quantization and echoes

In this work we argue that black hole area quantization of Bekenstein and Mukhanov should not give rise to measurable effects in terms of so-called gravitational wave echoes during black hole mergers. We outline that the quantum spectrum of a black hole should be washed out during and after black hole mergers, and hence one should not expect echoes in this scenario. The extreme broadening of the spectrum is due to the large particle emission rate during ringdown. Our results question key assumptions being made in recent literature on this topic.

Quantum Spectrum of Tachyonic Black Holes in a Brane-Anti-Brane System

Recently, some authors have considered the quantum spectrum of black holes. This consideration is extended to tachyonic black holes in a brane-anti-brane system. In this study, black holes are constructed from two branes which are connected by a tachyonic tube. As the branes come closer to each other, they evolve and make a transition to thermal black branes. It will be shown that the spectrum of these black holes depends on the tachyonic potential and the separation distance between the branes. By decreasing the separation distance, more energy emerges and the spectrum of the black hole increases.

The effects of quantum spectrum of 4 + n-dimensional water around a DNA on pure water in four dimensional universe

Recently, a method for calculating the quantum spectrum of black holes has been proposed. We show that this method can be applied for radiations of 4 + n - dimensional water around a DNA. In this model, DNA acts like a black hole and produces a curved space-time in a water around it. In these conditions, molecules of water in four dimensional universe are entangled with some DNA-like structures in extra dimension. Consequently, the effects of structures of water in extra dimensions can be observed in four dimensions. The entangled structures emit some quantum spectrum which can be transmitted to pure waters. These waves produce a curved space-time in pure water and make an entanglement between structure of water on four and DNA-like structures in extra dimensions. As a result, some signatures of DNAs can be observed in pure water. This model helps us to understand the reason for the emergence of life on the earth. To explain the model better, we unify Darwin’s theory with string theory in a new Darwinian’s string theory. In this theory, a zero dimensional manifold decays into two types of closed strings. One type decays into open strings and then these strings join to each other and form cosmos. Another type decays into open strings which form biological matters like DNAs and molecules of water in universe and anti-DNAs and anti-water in anti-universe. Thus, DNAs and molecules water are connected to each other and anti-DNAs and molecules of anti-water in anti-universe through some closed strings. These strings helps to molecules of water to store their informations in extra dimension and have long time memory. Because, information that are transformed into extra dimensions through closed strings, could be returned into universe. Also, these closed strings could have the main role in DNA transduction. Because, they connect two tubes one including water and DNA and another pure water in universe to two tubes including anti-DNA and water in anti-universe and transform properties of DNA into pure water. As a result, Darwinian string theory can confirm both water memory and DNA transduction. Finally, this theory response to this question that why memory of water couldnt remain for a long time. In this model, open strings which connects atoms in universe with anti-atoms in anti-universe interact with open strings which connects molecules of water and anti-water and decrease their entanglement. This causes that exchanging information between water and anti-water decreases and memory is dis-appeared.

A BIonic model for exchanging waves between water and DNA

Recently, the quantum spectrum of black BIons has been considered and their entropies have been calculated. Generalizing this model to a tube of water which interacts with DNA waves, its quantum spectrum and entropy could be obtained. A DNA can emit two types of waves, including electromagnetic waves (EMS) and topoisomerase-like ones. EMS carry messages of a DNA and help it to communicate with other DNAs and also pure water. Topoisomerase-like waves open packings of a DNA and copy its genetic information. Both of these waves could interact with pure water and change its entropy and quantum spectrum.

Shape-dependent black hole quantum spectrum

Recently, the quantum spectrum of black holes has been considered. We will show that this spectrum depends on the shape of manifolds that form black holes. For example, black holes with heptagonal shapes have more energy and less temperature with respect to the ones with pentagonal or hexagonal shapes.

Distinguishing between two- and three-bond correlations for all 13C multiplicities in heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy

Imposing heteronuclear multiple-quantum multiplets on a 13C single-quantum spectrum distinguishes between two- and three-bond correlations in an HMBC-type NMR spectrum.