Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Provinsi Jambi

The contribution of local revenue (PAD) to regional income during the 2012-2016 period on average was 37.99% per annum and for 2012 the contribution of local revenue to regional income was 37.02%. This is due to the fact that the receipt of original regional income from third party contributions is very large. On average during the period of 2012-2016 the ability of local tax is relatively low if linked to the Gross Regional Domestic Product. While the power of regional retribution if associated with Gross Regional Domestic Product is also still relatively low, but has increased from year to year. This shows that management management in receiving regional retribution has increased. On average during the 2012-2016 period the realization of local tax revenues reached 103.63% per year (very effective) from the target of local tax revenue. In addition, the realization of regional retribution revenue reaches 103.20% per year (very effective) from the target of receiving regional retribution. Whereas the realization of BUMD profit income only reached 131.01% per year (very effective) from the target of BUMD profit income and the realization of other revenue from legitimate PAD only reached 109.36% per annum (very effective). On average, the economic growth rate of Jambi Province is 5.18% per year, it is expected that the increase in local tax revenue elasticity will increase by 8.90% per year. elasticity of the increase in regional retribution receipts is 12.91% per year. The dependency ratio of Jambi Province in the period of 2012-2016 was an average of 31.69 percent per year. Jambi province's regional autonomy ratio in the 2012-2016 period is an average of 12 percent per year with instructive conditions means it is very dependent on the central government

Interplays Among Railway Investment, Revenue, and GDP in India

Indian Railways is a department owned and controlled by the Government of India, via the Ministry of Railways. Progress of additional railroad construction and railway-based infrastructure of the country could be assessed with the help of interrelationship between the revenue generated with corresponding investment and growth of GDP of the country. The present chapter attempts to test two hypotheses: 1) whether there is any causal link between railway investment and GDP of the country through its revenue and 2) what are the impacts of investment, revenue on the GDP of India over time. Results show that there are bilateral causalities between investment and GDP and unilateral causality from GDP to revenue but there is no way causality between revenue and investment. Additionally, investment, not revenue, influences GDP in a significant way but the revenue elasticity of investment is insignificantly changing over time.

Reform During Crisis: The Transformation of California's Fiscal System During the Great Depression

In the midst of the Great Depression, California engaged in a massive restructuring of its tax system, reducing reliance on the property tax and introducing sales and income taxes. Our analysis suggests that this restructuring, which included a voter referendum, was primarily driven by a desire to change the mix rather than the level of taxation. Nonetheless, by introducing new taxes that had a higher revenue elasticity than the existing taxes, California created a revenue system that allowed the rapid growth of spending to continue.