INTERACTION OF FOLIAR NUTRIENTS AND HERBICIDES INTO PRODUCTION

A field trial was carried out at the fields of Baghdad University - Jadriya for the first location during the summer season of 2018, while the second location was in Mishkab Rice Research Station, Al-Najaf al-ashraf governorate during the summer season of 2019. This study was aimed investigate rice (Oryza sativa cv. Anber) response to foliar application of nutrition with the use of different herbicides. The design was RCBD wihin using split plot arrangement four replicates. The nutrition treatments; (Humic acide, Seaweed, Nano fertilizer, Normal fertilization and Without fertilizer) were in main plots. Herbicides treatments (Ronstar, Oscar, Rainbow, Super flag, weed free and weedy) occupied the sub plots.The results indicated that Ronstar herbicide was superior in giving the lowest average weeds density value 6.55 and 9.60 plant m-2 respectively, and highest average of grain yield was 2.53 and 3.42 t.h-1, respectively. The normal fertilization treatment was superior gave the highest average grain yield value 3.07 and 4.13 t h-1. As for the effects of interaction, the Ronstar combination with normal fertilization gave highest grain yield value 3.55 and 4.59 t h-1, respectively. Concluded from this trial that the Ronstar herbicide is the best among the herbicides used with different fertilization treatments by achieving the highest averages with most of the studied charactristics.

Nutrient and metal concentrations in Nepenthes macfarlanei Hemsl. (Nepenthaceae) from a Malaysian montane forest

Palaeotropical pitcher plants (Nepenthes) are a fascinating evolutionary case but their nutrient relationships are poorly known. To determine nutrient and metal concentrations in Nepenthes macfarlanei from Peninsular Malaysia, and contribute to our understanding of nutrient relationships in this genus, plants were sampled from the Genting Highlands – a disturbed montane forest location. Whilst many foliar nutrients showed typical concentrations, the foliar N concentration was, surprisingly, greater than most lowland species although the N:P ratio (c. 24) indicated nitrogen limitation in line with other studies on Nepenthes. Of particular note was the variable but high (< 240 µg g-1) lead concentrations that have not been reported in carnivorous plants before. This data adds to our understanding of the nutrient relationships of carnivorous plants and shows that they may accumulate high concentrations of certain metals.

Effect of Foliar Nutrients on Wheat Seed (Triticum aestivum l.) Productivity Under Lower Gangetic Alluvial Soil of West Bengal

In present day quality crop cultivation is the prime objective for achieving the desire seed yield. The current problem of wheat cultivation is contributing in low yield due to use of old technology like unawareness about the efficient method and time of application of fertilizer etc. The present price hike of fertilizers is one of the main constraints to increase the economic yield of crops. Thus efforts are needed to minimize its losses and to enhance its economic use. Foliar nutrients play a vital role in cultivation of cereal crops for increasing seed yield & productivity in a sustainable manner. The present experiment has been designed to critically observe into matter by scanning out the combination of foliar nutrients in grain filling and seed yield of wheat. There were altogether nine treatments of supplementary foliar nutrients along with water spray at 50% flowering and grain filling stages. The investigation clearly shows that significantly highest seed yield (2840 kg ha-1 ) with foliar application of NaCl @ 0.5%. Lowest seed yield (2220 kg ha-1 ) was observed in water sprayed control treatment. The seed yield was increased up to 27.92% with the application of NaCl @ 0.5% over control.

Prediction of Fruit Free Amino Acids by Foliar Nutrient Diagnosis in Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.)

Free amino acid (FAA) profile is an important indicator of the quality of fruit and fruit product. Foliar nutrient diagnosis has been used for crop yield prediction for decades but not for fruit quality evaluation. Concentrations of 11 leaf nutrients including N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, and B at stages of terminal shoot maturation and fruit development and fruit FAA profile at harvest were examined in longan in South China. The relation between leaf nutrient and fruit FAA was then investigated by multiple stepwise regression analysis. Foliar N content was greatest among the nutrients among the detected elements at both stages. Twenty-nine FAAs were determined in longan flesh, with alanine (19.9%), γ-aminobutyric acid (17.5%), glutamic acid (15.2%), and asparagine (10.7%) as the main components. Flesh individual FAA, essential amino acid (AA), umami-, and sweet and bitter taste AA strongly depended on foliar nutrients. However, the relation between flesh FAAs and foliar nutrients varied with FAA species. Leaf N was the dominant indicator for most pulp FAAs at two growth stages, while other nutrients (e.g., B, Zn, P, K, Ca, Mg) also played versatile roles on flesh FAAs. This work provides a novel tool to predict fruit FAAs via foliar nutrient diagnosis, which supports the practicality of producing specific target fruit or improving fruit quality through regulation of fertilization strategies in fruit production.