CICLO Y PARÁMETROS BIOLÓGICOS DE Clitostethus arcuatus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), DEPREDADOR DE MOSCA BLANCA, Siphoninus phillyreae, EN CONDICIONES DE LABORATORIO

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el ciclo, parámetros biológicos y descripción morfológica de Clitostethus arcuatus (Rossi), depredador de Siphoninus phillyreae (Haliday). Para la obtención de presas, se infestaron plantones de olivo con S. phillyreae colectado de olivares en Tacna. En el laboratorio, los diferentes estados de desarrollo de C. arcuatus fueron recuperados de los mismos olivares, se confinaron en una jaula de crianza para obtener adultos de la misma edad, los cuales fueron emparejados en unidades de crianza (UC), y colocados en una estufa con aire circulante a 24,2 ± 0,8°C y 36,0 ± 5,9% HR. Diariamente fueron observados hasta su muerte, y a partir de sus posturas se determinó el ciclo de desarrollo que fue de 24 días, de los cuales 3,80; 15,78 y 4,42 días fueron para los estados de huevo, larva y pupa respectivamente. El ciclo biológico de C. arcuatus fue de 77,02 días. La capacidad de oviposición 136,35 huevos/hembra; viabilidad de huevos de 71,43%; mortalidad de larvas 36,25%; capacidad de depredación de LI 3,8 huevos/día, LII 5 huevos/día; LIII 8,2 y 3,6 huevos y ninfas/día respectivamente, LIV 11,4 y 3,4 huevos y ninfas/día respectivamente, adultos 9,8; 4,6 y 1,4 huevos, ninfas y adultos/día respectivamente; proporción sexual 0,59 y la longevidad de 53,02 días.

First record of Siphoninus phillyreae on pomegranate in Greece

On June 2012, the ash whitefly Siphoninus phillyreae (Haliday) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) was recorded for the first time on pomegranate in Greece. Its occurrence was observed in a pomegranate orchard at Kato Tithorea, in Fthiotida. Information on its morphology, biology and distribution is presented.

Siphoninus phillyreae. [Distributiom map].

A new distribution map is provided for Siphoninus phillyreae (Haliday). Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae. Hosts: polyphagous on Oleaceae (Fraxinus, Olea, Phillyrea), Rosaceae (Crataegus, Cydonia, Malus, Prunus, Pyrus). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, France, Corsica, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Sicily, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Spain, Canary Islands, Mainland Spain, UK, England and Wales, Ukraine), Asia (India, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Iran, Israel, Japan, Honshu, Kyushu, Oman, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, Turkmenistan), Africa (Cameroon, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Libya, Morocco, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia), North America (Mexico, USA, California, Florida, Nevada), South America (Argentina, Chile, Venezuela), Oceania (Australia, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, New Zealand).

Diversity and localization of bacterial symbionts in three whitefly species (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) from the east coast of the Adriatic Sea

Several whitefly species (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) are cosmopolitan phloem-feeders that cause serious damage in numerous agricultural crops. All whitefly species harbor a primary bacterial symbiont and a diverse array of secondary symbionts which may influence several aspects of the insect's biology. We surveyed infections by secondary symbionts in Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) and Siphoninus phillyreae (Haliday) from areas in the east cost of the Adriatic Sea. Both the Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) and Mediterranean (MED) B. tabaci genetic groups were detected in Montenegro, whereas only the MED was confirmed in Croatia. Trialeurodes vaporariorum and S. phillyreae were found in all areas surveyed. MEAM1 and MED exhibited similarity to previously reported infections, while populations of T. vaporariorum from Montenegro harbored Rickettsia, Wolbachia and Cardinium in addition to previously reported Hamiltonella and Arsenopnohus. Siphoninus phillyreae harbored Hamiltonella, Wolbachia, Cardinium and Arsenophonus, with the latter appearing in two alleles. Multiple infections of all symbionts were common in the three insect species tested, with some reaching near fixation. Florescent in situ hybridization showed new localization patterns for Hamiltonella in S. phillyreae, and the morphology of the bacteriosome differed from that observed in other whitefly species. Our results show new infections with bacterial symbionts in the whitefly species studied. Infections with the same symbionts in reproductively isolated whitefly species confirm complex relationships between whiteflies and bacterial symbionts, and suggest possible horizontal transfer of some of these bacteria.

The Aleyrodidae (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha) of the Canary Islands with special reference to Aleyrodes, Siphoninus, and the challenges of puparial morphology in Bemisia

The whitefly fauna of the Canary Islands (Spain) comprises 21 named species distributed amongst 12 genera, includingfour species described here—Aleyrodes bencomiae Hernández-Suárez and Martin sp. nov., Aleyrodes laurisilvae Hernán-dez-Suárez and Martin sp. nov., Bemisia euphorbiarum Hernández-Suárez and Malumphy sp. nov. and Bemisia reyesiHernández-Suárez and Martin sp. nov. Nomenclatural changes comprise the four new species, one revalidated species (Si-phoninus finitimus Silvestri stat. rev.), and two revised synonymies (Siphoninus phillyreae multitubulatus Goux becomesa junior synonym of S. finitimus Silvestri and is removed from synonymy with S. phillyreae (Haliday), and the genus Be-misiella Danzig becomes a junior synonym of Asterobemisia Trehan; both the latter genera are removed from synonymywith Bemisia Quaintance & Baker). Also, we have provided detailed discussions and illustrations of eight distinctive pu-parial forms of the Bemisia afer complex with scanning electron microphotographs (SEMs), line drawings and habitusphotographs. In addition to the taxa described and discussed here, there are two new records for the Canary Islands,Dialeurodes citri (Ashmead) and Paraleyrodes minei Iaccarino. For each of the species already known and named priorto this study we include a brief account including its world distribution, its host-plant range in the Canary Islands, andfurther notes on host range beyond the Canaries. The general puparial morphology of each species is illustrated with acombination of line-drawings and habitus photographs. Three appendices are provided—a check list of Canarian white-flies, a table of host plants of whiteflies in the Canary Islands, and lists of examined material for the whitefly species already known and named prior to our study.La fauna de moscas blancas de las Islas Canarias (España) está compuesta por 21 especies distribuidas en 12 géneros, in-cluyendo 4 especies que se describen en el presente trabajo—Aleyrodes bencomiae Hernández-Suárez and Martin sp.nov., Aleyrodes laurisilvae Hernández-Suárez and Martin sp. nov., Bemisia euphorbiarum Hernández-Suárez andMalumphy sp. nov. and Bemisia reyesi Hernández-Suárez and Martin sp. nov. Los cambios nomenclaturales comprendenlas cuatro nuevas especies, la revalidación de una especie (Siphoninus finitimus Silvestri stat. rev.), y la revisión de dossinonimias (Siphoninus phillyreae multitubulatus Goux pasa a ser sinónimo posterior de S. finitimus Silvestri y por tantodeja de ser sinonimia de S. phillyreae (Haliday) y el género Bemisiella Danzig pasa a ser sinónimo posterior de Asterobemisia Trehan dejando por tanto de ser sinonimia de Bemisia (Quaintance & Baker). Por otro lado se proporcionan discu-