A Review Paper on Electric Assisted Steering System for Automobiles

Electric Assisted Steering system is an Electric System, which reduces the amount of steering effort by directly applying the output from the electric motor to the steering system.In this system the mechanical link between the steering wheel and road wheels of an automobile are replaced by a control system consisting of sensors, actuators and controllers seem to offer great advantages such as enhanced system performance, simplified construction, design flexibility etc.It offers greater vehicle safety by adapting variable steering ratios to human needs, filtering drive train influences and even adjusting active steering torque in critical situations. In addition, it can make cars even lighter and more fuel efficient when compared to those using hydraulic steering systems. The central electronic elements of today’s steering systems are modern microcontrollers

Odour boosts visual object approach in flies

Multisensory integration is synergistic—input from one sensory modality might modulate the behavioural response to another. Work in flies has shown that a small visual object presented in the periphery elicits innate aversive steering responses in flight, likely representing an approaching threat. Object aversion is switched to approach when paired with a plume of food odour. The ‘open-loop’ design of prior work facilitated the observation of changing valence. How does odour influence visual object responses when an animal has naturally active control over its visual experience? In this study, we use closed-loop feedback conditions, in which a fly's steering effort is coupled to the angular velocity of the visual stimulus, to confirm that flies steer toward or ‘fixate’ a long vertical stripe on the visual midline. They tend either to steer away from or ‘antifixate’ a small object or to disengage active visual control, which manifests as uncontrolled object ‘spinning’ within this experimental paradigm. Adding a plume of apple cider vinegar decreases the probability of both antifixation and spinning, while increasing the probability of frontal fixation for objects of any size, including a normally typically aversive small object.

DESIGN PROCEDURE AND OPTIMIZATION OF STEERING SYSTEM FOR FORMULA STUDENT CAR.

Steering system is one of the major part of any Automotive design. It is responsible for transferring drivers input to the wheels and gives feedback from road to driver. To design a proper steering system for a formula SAE vehicle, several design parameters needed to be determined. The most important design intent for this system was to provide the driver with a system that did not require excessive steering input force or excessive steering wheel rotation, proper wheel feedback, and adequate wheel steering angle to allow the driver to navigate the tightest corners on the autocross course. This report gives clear idea about how the steering geometry has to be decided for formula student car by using CAD Software Solidworks, and how to select from different possible alternatives. Also, designing of steering components like rack and pinion, shafts and Steering wheel is explained in the report. The overall report can be divided into two objectives. The first is to design the proper steering geometry for the car. The second objective is to design the steering system components, so that the steering effort decreases without compensating the feedback which is obtained from the road. Designing and optimizing of steering system and its components is done considering the rules provided by Formula Bharat 2020, ergonomics, drivers safety, Components Manufacturing, Assembly and performance. The CAD file is entirely developed in Solidworks 2018-19. Static force analysis on components is also performed in Solidworks 2018-19.

Advantages of an Innovative Crossed Four Bar Steering Mechanism of a Novel Vehicle

A crossed four-bar steering mechanism has been considered for a novel four-wheel vehicle which has different wheel locations compared to a conventional four-wheel vehicle. The present paper discusses the advantages of this newly proposed steering mechanism and the novel vehicle. The steering error curve of this novel vehicle has been compared with that of a conventional four-wheel vehicle having Ackermann steering. When both vehicles move on a curved road, the required angle of rotation of the vehicle wheels due to steering effort will be different and depend on the radius of curvature of the road from place to place. It has been found that the vehicle wheels of novel vehicle need to be rotated by smaller angle for steering. The steering error of the novel vehicle is far less. The swept path width will be reduced if the novel vehicle is used instead of the conventional vehicle.

Model predictive control–based steering control algorithm for steering efficiency of a human driver in all-terrain cranes

All-terrain cranes with multi-axles have large inertia and long distances between the axles that lead to a slower dynamic response than normal vehicles. This has a significant effect on the dynamic behavior and steering performance of the crane. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop an optimal steering control algorithm with a reduced driver steering effort for an all-terrain crane and to evaluate the performance of the algorithm. For this, a model predictive control technique was applied to an all-terrain crane, and a steering control algorithm for the crane was proposed that could reduce the driver’s steering effort. The steering performances of the existing steering system and the steering system applied with the newly developed algorithm were compared using MATLAB/Simulink and ADAMS with a human driver model for reasonable performance evaluation. The simulation was performed with both a double lane change scenario and a curved-path scenario that are expected to happen in road-steering mode.

Numerical simulation of jet vane carry-over effect on steering effort

By using advanced computational tools, we developed an engineering design procedure to determine the steering effort generated due to the deviation of the jet vane in the solid engine. In addition to testing the calculation data, the aim of this study is to have an opportunity of a more detailed examination of the jet vane effect on the flow in a rocket engine, followed by visualization of the processes.