Converting Mall-Apartments and Hotels Into Covid-19 Emergency Hospitals

The outbreak of the COVID-19 disease, which afterwards became a pandemic, impacted the world. Because the rapid spread and ongoing research, WHO and the government had created regulations that are changing constantly. President Joko Widodo has recommended the unused buildings be used as emergency hospitals in order to accelerate the handling of the Covid-19 virus in Indonesia. Lippo Group's owner wants to assist the government by converting Plaza Mampang Mall into Siloam Hospital (a Covid-19 emergency hospital), which will be housed in the same building as the Nine Residence Apartments. As a result, the inhabitants of the unit protested to the role being transferred. The author focuses on the process of transferring functions from the building owner to the Nine Residence mall-apartment, which serves as a Covid-19 emergency hospital, as well as the building owner's obligation for the function transfer. For COVID-19, not only Nine Residence mall-apartment, but also some hotels served as emergency hospitals. This study employs normative juridical research, with the law approach and the case approach as approaches. Secondary data was used as a source of information, and the research material was obtained through a library study. The findings of this study show that the building owner's procedure of transferring function to the mall-apartment must meet administrative and technical requirements in accordance with the building's purpose. Nine Residence, but if the transfer of function results in losses, the building owner is responsible to the building inhabitants.

Post-Exercise Hypotension and Reduced Cardiac Baroreflex after Half-Marathon Run: In Men, but Not in Women

We examined whether trained women exhibit similar cardiovascular and cardiac baroreflex alterations after a half-marathon compared to men. Thirteen women (39.1 ± 9.3 years; 165 ± 6 cm; 58.2 ± 7.5 kg; maximal aerobic speed (MAS): 13.7 ± 2.2 km·h−1) and 12 men (45.7 ± 10.5 years; 178 ± 7 cm; 75.0 ± 8.3 kg; MAS: 15.8 ± 2.2 km·h−1) ran an official half-marathon. Before and 60-min after, cardiovascular variables, parasympathetic (heart rate variability analysis) modulation and cardiac baroreflex function (transfer function and sequence analyses) were assessed during supine rest and a squat-stand test. Running performance was slower in women than in men (120 ± 19 vs. 104 ± 14 min for women and men, respectively). However, when expressed as a percentage of MAS, it was similar (78.1 ± 4.6% and 78.2 ± 5.4% of MAS for women and men, respectively). Before the run, women exhibited lower mean blood pressure (BP), cardiac output (CO) and stroke volume (SV) compared to men, together with higher parasympathetic indexes. After the race, parasympathetic indexes decreased in both sexes, but remained higher in women. Reduced SV, systolic BP and cardiac baroreflex were observed in men but not in women. Contrary to men, a competitive half-marathon did not trigger post-exercise hypotension and a reduced cardiac baroreflex in women.

The ortholog conjecture revisited: the value of orthologs and paralogs in function prediction

Motivation The computational prediction of gene function is a key step in making full use of newly sequenced genomes. Function is generally predicted by transferring annotations from homologous genes or proteins for which experimental evidence exists. The ‘ortholog conjecture’ proposes that orthologous genes should be preferred when making such predictions, as they evolve functions more slowly than paralogous genes. Previous research has provided little support for the ortholog conjecture, though the incomplete nature of the data cast doubt on the conclusions. Results We use experimental annotations from over 40 000 proteins, drawn from over 80 000 publications, to revisit the ortholog conjecture in two pairs of species: (i) Homo sapiens and Mus musculus and (ii) Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. By making a distinction between questions about the evolution of function versus questions about the prediction of function, we find strong evidence against the ortholog conjecture in the context of function prediction, though questions about the evolution of function remain difficult to address. In both pairs of species, we quantify the amount of information that would be ignored if paralogs are discarded, as well as the resulting loss in prediction accuracy. Taken as a whole, our results support the view that the types of homologs used for function transfer are largely irrelevant to the task of function prediction. Maximizing the amount of data used for this task, regardless of whether it comes from orthologs or paralogs, is most likely to lead to higher prediction accuracy. Availability and implementation https://github.com/predragradivojac/oc. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

The Ortholog Conjecture Revisited: the Value of Orthologs and Paralogs in Function Prediction

The computational prediction of gene function is a key step in making full use of newly sequenced genomes. Function is generally predicted by transferring annotations from homologous genes or proteins for which experimental evidence exists. The “ortholog conjecture” proposes that orthologous genes should be preferred when making such predictions, as they evolve functions more slowly than paralogous genes. Previous research has provided little support for the ortholog conjecture, though the incomplete nature of the data cast doubt on the conclusions. Here we use experimental annotations from over 40,000 proteins, drawn from over 80,000 publications, to revisit the ortholog conjecture in two pairs of species: (i) Homo sapiens and Mus musculus and (ii) Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. By making a distinction between questions about the evolution of function versus questions about the prediction of function, we find strong evidence against the ortholog conjecture in the context of function prediction, though questions about the evolution of function remain difficult to address. In both pairs of species, we quantify the amount of data that must be ignored if paralogs are discarded, as well as the resulting loss in prediction accuracy. Taken as a whole, our results support the view that the types of homologs used for function transfer are largely irrelevant to the task of function prediction. Aiming to maximize the amount of data used for this task, regardless of whether it comes from orthologs or paralogs, is most likely to lead to higher prediction accuracy.

Value Function Transfer for Deep Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Based on N-Step Returns

Many real-world problems, such as robot control and soccer game, are naturally modeled as sparse-interaction multi-agent systems. Reutilizing single-agent knowledge in multi-agent systems with sparse interactions can greatly accelerate the multi-agent learning process. Previous works rely on bisimulation metric to define Markov decision process (MDP) similarity for controlling knowledge transfer. However, bisimulation metric is costly to compute and is not suitable for high-dimensional state space problems. In this work, we propose more scalable transfer learning methods based on a novel MDP similarity concept. We start by defining the MDP similarity based on the N-step return (NSR) values of an MDP. Then, we propose two knowledge transfer methods based on deep neural networks called direct value function transfer and NSR-based value function transfer. We conduct experiments in image-based grid world, multi-agent particle environment (MPE) and Ms. Pac-Man game. The results indicate that the proposed methods can significantly accelerate multi-agent reinforcement learning and meanwhile get better asymptotic performance.

PERAN NOTARIS DALAM PELEPASAN HAK ATAS TANAH PADA PROSES KONSOLIDASI TANAH GUNA OPTIMALISASI FUNGSI TANAH DIKAITKAN DENGAN PERATURAN PERTANAHAN

<p><strong>ABSTRAK</strong><br />Pelepasan hak atas tanah dilaksanakan dengan akta autentik yang dibuat dihadapan notaris. Pelepasan hak juga dapat terjadi pada pelaksanaan konsolidasi tanah. Konsekuensi hukum yang timbul dari adanya pelepasan hak pada konsolidasi tanah yaitu pada status hak atas tanah perserta konsolidasi, yang berubah menjadi tanah negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan pemahaman pelepasan hak atas tanah dalam proses konsolidasi tanah dikaitkan dengan peran notaris berdasarkan peraturan pertanahan dan untuk mendapatkan gambaran proses konsolidasi tanah dapat mengoptimalkan fungsi tanah. Penelitian dilakukan secara deskriptif analitis, dengan teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi kepustakaan dengan mengumpulkan data sekunder dan wawancara. Analisis data menggunakan metode analisis yuridis kualitatif dengan menyimpulkan data-data yang didapatkan yang dituangkan dalam bentuk tulisan atau pernyataan. Disimpulkan bahwa pelepasan hak atas tanah dalam proses konsolidasi tanah tidak menggunakan jasa notaris, tetapi dilaksanakan oleh kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional. Hal tersebut dikarenakan pelepasan tanah dalam konsolidasi tanah tidak untuk selamanya, karena nanti tanah objek konsolidasi akan dikembalikan kepada pemiliknya lagi setelah dilakukan penataan dalam proses konsolidasi tanah. Proses konsolidasi tanah guna optimalisasi fungsi tanah diwujudkan dengan menghasilkan kawasan lingkungan perumahan atau perkotaan yang sudah tertata rapih dilengkapi dengan sarana-prasarana pendukung. Dengan begitu konsolidasi tanah ini telah sesuai dengan prinsip pembangunan berkelanjutan.<br /><strong>Kata kunci:</strong> konsolidasi tanah; optimalisasi fungsi tanah; pelepasan hak atas tanah.</p><p><em><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></em><br /><em>Transfer of rights over land usually performed through authentic deed made before a notary. It might also occurred from land consolidation. The legal consequences that might arise from the transfer of right through land consolidation is in the change of status of the right over land for the consolidation participant into a state-owned land. This research has the purpose to obtain better understanding on the transfer of rights over land in the process of land consolidation in relation to the role of notary pursuant to the regulation regarding the land and to obtain depiction on the process of land consolidation to optimize the function of land. This research use descriptive-analytical specification and data-collection method is made through juridical-qualitative method by summing-up the acquired data made in writing or in statement. Transfer of right over land in consolidation process does not use any notarial service, yet it is performed directly by the Head of the National Land Agency. It is made that way since the transfer of right in consolidation is not made for eternity, the object of the land consolidation shall be returned to its owner after it has been restructured in the process of land-consolidation. The process of land consolidation to optimize the function of land is performed through the procreation of neatly planned housing or city environmental area, equipped with the supporting facilities and infrastructure. That way, this land consolidation shall be in accordance with the sustainable principle development. </em><br /><em><strong>Keywords:</strong> land consolidation; optimization of land function; transfer of right over land.</em></p>