Immunolocalization of angiotensin-(1-7), angiotensin II and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in goat ovary

There is increasing evidence as to the participation of the ovarian renin-angiotensin system in important reproductive processes. The inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) caused an increase in the rate of ovulation and pregnancy in the artificial insemination protocol has fixed time (TFIA). This study aimed to investigate the presence and location of Ang II, Ang- (1-7) and ACE2 in goat ovaries and the possibility of the involvement of these peptides in previous results. Ten ovaries from goats were collected in a slaughterhouse, washed in buffered PBS, perfused with protease inhibitor solution and processed for immunohistochemistry protocol. The search for peptides was performed using the avidin–biotin–peroxidase method. A strong immunoreactivity for Ang II in theca cells of antral follicles and corpus luteum was observed. Antral follicles (theca cells), corpus luteum and oocyte cytoplasm in early antral follicles exhibited strong immunoreactivity for Ang-(1-7). There was strong immunoreactivity for ACE2 in the cytoplasm of luteal cells and theca cells of antral follicles. In this study, for the first time, the presence and location of Ang II, Ang-(1-7) and ACE2 are reported in goat ovary, suggesting that there is participation in follicular development, oocyte maturation and corpus luteum development.

Whole Transcriptome Analysis: Implication to Estrous Cycle Regulation

Estrous cycle is one of the placental mammal characteristics after sexual maturity, including estrus stage (ES) and diestrus stage (DS). Estrous cycle is important in female physiology and its disorder may lead to diseases, such as polycystic ovary syndrome, ovarian carcinoma, anxiety, and epilepsy. In the latest years, effects of non-coding RNAs and messenger RNA (mRNA) on estrous cycle have started to arouse much concern, however, a whole transcriptome analysis among non-coding RNAs and mRNA has not been reported. Here, we report a whole transcriptome analysis of goat ovary in estrus and diestrus periods. Estrus synchronization was conducted to induce the estrus phase and on day 32, the goats shifted into the diestrus stage. The ovary RNA of estrus and diestrus stages was respectively collected to perform RNA-sequencing. Then, the circular RNA (circRNA), microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and mRNA databases of goat ovary were acquired, and the differential expressions between estrus and diestrus stages were screened to construct circRNA-miRNA-mRNA/lncRNA and lncRNA-miRNA/mRNA networks, thus providing potential pathways that are involved in the regulation of estrous cycle. Differentially expressed mRNAs, such as MMP9, TIMP1, 3BHSD, and PTGIS, and differentially expressed miRNAs that play key roles in the regulation of estrous cycle, such as miR-21-3p, miR-202-3p, and miR-223-3p, were extracted from the network. Our data provided the miRNA, circRNA, lncRNA, and mRNA databases of goat ovary and each differentially expressed profile between ES and DS. Networks among differentially expressed miRNAs, circRNAs, lncRNAs, and mRNAs were constructed to provide valuable resources for the study of estrous cycle and related diseases.

Whole Transcriptome Analysis: Implication to Estrous Cycle Regulation

BackgroundEstrous cycle is one of female characteristics after sexual maturity, including estrus (ES) and diestrus (DS) stages. Estrous cycle is important in female physiology and its disorder may lead to diseases. In the latest years, effects of non-coding RNAs and mRNA on estrous cycle start to arouse much concern, however, a whole transcriptome analysis among non-coding RNAs and mRNA has not been reported.ResultsHere we report a whole transcriptome analysis of goat ovary in estrus and diestrus periods. Estrus synchronization was conducted to induce the estrus phase and on day 32, the goats naturally shifted into diestrus stage. The ovary RNA of estrus and diestrus stages was respectively collected to perform RNA-sequencing. Then the circular RNA; microRNA; long non-coding RNA; mRNA databases of goat ovary were acquired, and the differentially expressions between estrus and diestrus stages were screened to construct circRNA-miRNA-mRNA/lncRNA and lncRNA-miRNA/mRNA networks, thus providing potential pathways that involved in the regulation of estrous cycle. Differentially expressed mRNAs, such as MMP9, TIMP1, 3BHSD and PTGIS, and differentially expressed microRNAs, such as miR-21-3p，miR-202-3p and miR-223-3p, which play key roles in estrous cycle regulation were extracted from the network.ConclusionsOur data provided the miRNA, circRNA, lncRNA and mRNA databases of goat ovary and each differentially expressed profile between ES and DS. Networks among differentially expressed miRNAs, circRNAs, lncRNAs and mRNAs were constructed to provide valuable resources for the study of estrous cycle and related diseases.