Tibério Alves da Silva
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Ana Carolina Soares de Lira
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Bárbara Letícia Barreto Ramos Aragão
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Luciana Karla, Dayanna Grazielle Maia Viana
Introduction: TIAs are ischemia, caused by stenosis of the carotid and vertebral arteries. Those who have a TIA are at risk of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction, with carotid endarterectomy being an intervention. Objective: To analyze the benefits of carotid endarterectomy using drugs. Methods: Literature review, in bases such as PUBMED, MEDLINE, descriptors: “Endarterectomy”, “Ischemic Attack”, with operator “AND” and “OR”. Those with two descriptors were selected in the summary and date between 2010-2020, English / Portuguese language, resulting in: 17 articles. Results: The internal carotid artery (ICA) is located in the neck as a branch of the common carotid artery, being one of its branches the middle cerebral artery (MCA), the main artery affected in strokes and TIAs. Thus, ACI ischemia causes a risk of thrombosis in MCA, the treatment of carotid stenosis requires drugs to prevent atheroma, as well as antiplatelet drugs to reduce embolic events¹. In some cases, carotid endarterectomy or carotid stent implantation is complementary. Therefore, patients with TIA or stroke, who have “transient, fluctuating or persistent unilateral motor weakness or speech disorder or eye symptoms”, should undergo endarterectomy if they have moderate-severe stenosis of the extracranial internal carotid artery in the first days of presentation². Thus, endarterectomy is the treatment of choice and stenting should only be offered to symptomatic patients. Conclusion: Therefore, endarterectomy has been shown to be safe for patients with internal carotid artery stenosis, indicating the prevalence in relation to the stent.