How unnecessarily high abatement costs and unresolved distributional issues undermine nutrient reductions to the Baltic Sea

This paper systematically reviews the literature on how to reduce nutrient emissions to the Baltic Sea cost-effectively and considerations for allocating these costs fairly among countries. The literature shows conclusively that the reduction targets of the Baltic Sea Action Plan (BSAP) could be achieved at considerably lower cost, if countries would cooperate to implement the least costly abatement plan. Focusing on phosphorus abatement could be prudent as the often recommended measures—wastewater treatment and wetlands—abate nitrogen too. An implication of our review is that the potential for restoring the Baltic Sea to good health is undermined by an abatement strategy that is more costly than necessary and likely to be perceived as unfair by several countries. Neither the BSAP nor the cost-effective solution meet the surveyed criteria for fairness, implying a need for side-payments.

Geochemistry of terrigenous sediments in surface water from ore and okitipupa southwest, Nigeria

Elements pollution in water bodies and sediment have becoming increasingly a catholic focus. The knowledge of hydrogeochemical processes affecting water quality is necessary in order to assess the potential changes that occur and identify possible abatement strategy. Fifteen elements were analyzed in the sediment using AMPTEX (R), X-ray fluorescence method. The highest average concentration was recorded for Fe with an average value of 19650 ppm and the lowest average concentration was recorded for Cu with an average value of 10.86 ppm. The average concentration values recorded in this study fell with the purview of the available regulatory limits. The highest enrichment value and geo-accumulation value was recorded for Se and the highest pollution index was recorded for Fe, Mn, K, and Ca correlated well with Ni. The Enrichment values when Titanium (Ti) was used as reference element Se > Zr > As > Zn > V > Ni > Fe > Mn > Cu ≥ Sr > Cr > Rb > K >Ca. For Iron Se > Zr > As > Zn > V > Ni > Ti > Mn > Cu ≥ Sr > Cr > Rb > K >Ca. For Manganese (Mn) was Se > Zr > As > Zn > V > Ni > Ti > Fe > Cu ≥ Sr > Cr > Rb > K > Ca. For Copper Se > Zr > As > Zn > V > Ni > Ti > Fe > Mn > Sr > Cr > Rb > K > Ca.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.53(2), 145-154, 2018

Comprehensive Risk Abatement

Conventional Analytical and Maintenance procedures are assimilated into a Comprehensive Risk Abatement Strategy comprising Process, Objectives, Balanced Progress Methodology and Lines of Communication between process and objectives. This Comprehensive Risk Abatement Strategy (Enterprise Wellness Way) is applicable to all types of enterprise (manufacturing, service and medical). This includes the various commercial products and customer support aspects of the enterprise as well as the production assets used to generate products and services. The modern wind turbine is used to illustrate the shortcomings of contemporary risk abatement strategies. The long-term viability of wind energy for the American power grid hinges on a substantial improvement in risk abatement.

A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITY

Environmental noise problems have increased every year and have brought negative effects to the neighbouring communities. Educational areas, such as university, college and school, are the places for learning and gaining knowledge. However, students feel stressed and annoyed when they are exposed to noisy environments. The main objective of this research is to investigate the current environmental noise problem in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). It is a preliminary study of environmental noise problem and a total of 24 measurement locations were selected based on the working zones in UTM. Each location was measured in an hour during the working period. About 95.8 percent of the measurement results exceeded the permissible limit of the guideline by the Department of Environment (DOE). Besides, the UTM noise zones have been established by referring to the measurement results. The findings of this study could assist the UTM management in deciding the noise abatement strategy. Also, the noise zones could be disseminated to the public in order to increase the public awareness towards the environmental noise problems in UTM.

Comprehensive Risk Abatement Methodology as a Lean Operations Strategy

Conventional Analytical and Maintenance procedures are assimilated into a Comprehensive Risk Abatement Strategy comprising Process, Objectives, Balanced Progress Methodology and Lines of Communication between process and objectives. This Comprehensive Risk Abatement Strategy (Enterprise Wellness Way) is applicable to all types of enterprise (manufacturing, service and medical).